A method that calculates the residual uncertainties of a microwave network analyzer for the frequency range of 300 kHz to 50 GHz is described. The method utilizes measurements on NISTcertified standards (such as an airline or load) plus additional measurements to estimate the combined standard uncertainties for measurements using the network analyzer. The uncertainties of the standards are inco...

Stogryn, 1971). The dielectric relaxation frequency occurs at the peak in the imaginary component, which is For more than two decades, dielectric properties (i.e., permittivity) the midpoint of the change in the real component. Water have been used for soil water content measurements, but unexpected results have been shown for saline soils or soils high in smectite clays. has a sharp dielectric...

A seven-port wave-correlator based vector network analyzer is proposed. The seven-port wave-correlator is a combination of two six-port wave-correlators which share common components. Furthermore, the complex wave ratio measurement accuracy is improved since the input signals can be directly detected by the side-arm ports. A seven-port wave-correlator is fabricated using microstrip branch line ...