Insulin resistance syndrome, also referred to as the metabolic syndrome or syndrome X, refers to a constellation of common metabolic and cardiovascular disorders (e.g. obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia), which are all cardiovascular risk factors. Insulin resistance can be induced by fructose-rich diet in rats. We investigated the effect of vanadyl sulfate (0.2 mg...

We compared the effects of oral vanadyl sulfate (100 mg/day) in moderately obese NIDDM and nondiabetic subjects. Three-hour euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic (insulin infusion 30 mU / m / min) clamps were performed after 2 weeks of placebo and 3 weeks of vanadyl sulfate treatment in six nondiabetic control subjects (age 37 +/- 3 years; BMI 29.5 +/- 2.4 kg/m2 ) and seven NIDDM subjects (age 53 +/- 2 y...

We present a new coordination polymer, {[VO(pzdc)(H2O)2] H2O}n, built from vanadyl and pyrazine-2,5-dicarboxylate (pzdc) ions. It consists of a one-dimensional chain of vanadyl ions linked by pzdc ions. The carboxylate groups show monodentate coordination, while the pyrazine ring is present both in non-coordinated and coordinated modes. This novel structure is stabilized by an intricate network...

Vanadate is known to inhibit several phosphatases including Na+, K+-ATPase, alkaline phosphatase, and glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase. Inhibition presumably results because vanadium adopts a stable structure which resembles the transition state of phosphate during the reactions involving these enzymes. We performed experiments to further examine the effects of vanadate (VO3-4) on erythrocyte (...

Contrary to common belief, hollow precipitation tubes form in the absence of silicate if sodium hydroxide solution is injected into solutions of various metal ions. In many cases, the growth speed has a power law dependence on the flow rate. For vanadyl, we observe damped oscillations in the tube height.

X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, 3’P MAS-NMR and spin-echo NMR indicated that model vanadium phosphorus oxide (VPO) precursors and catalysts contained various minor phases depending oxboth the synthetic approach and P/V ratios used. Raman spectroscopy revealed the presence of a number of micro-crystalline and amorphous V(W) and V(V) phases not evident by XRD. The presence of VOPO, phases ...

Vanadium complexes have been previously utilised as potent inhibitors of cysteine based phosphatases (CBPs). Herein, we present the synthesis and characterisation of two new fluorescently labelled vanadyl complexes (14 and 15) with bridged di-picolinic acid ligands. These compounds differ significantly from previous vanadyl complexes with phosphatase inhibition properties in that the metal-chel...

Vanadyl bearing calix[4]arene ligands have undergone evaluation against several cell lines, and show varying degrees of toxicity. For vanadyl complexed to a sulfonylcalix[4]arene, monitoring of the strong blue fluorescence revealed slow uptake kinetics. The complex is exclusively found in the cytoplasm of the cells and uptake is not due to active endocytotic mechanisms.

In the 21st century, patients suffering from diabetes mellitus (DM), a lifestyle-related disease, will increase more than in the 20th century. DM is threatening because of the development of many severe secondary complications, including atherosclerosis, microangiopathy, renal dysfunction and failure, cardiac abnormalities, diabetic retinopathy, and ocular disorders. Generally, DM is classified...