Intraperitoneal administration of the cytokine interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) induces brain-mediated sickness symptoms that can be blocked by subdiaphragmatic vagotomy. Intraperitoneal IL-1beta also induces expression of the activation marker c-fos in vagal primary afferent neurons, suggesting that IL-1beta is a key component of vagally mediated immune-to-brain communication. The cellular sources...

Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) has been reported on its effect to reorganize the sensory neural network in central nervous system, similar as observations traditional invasive stimulation.

Objective: In this review we focused on understanding the cause-and-effect relationships of gastroduodenal pathology aiming to clarify the role of vagus nerve. Results: The spectrum of vagus nerve biological effects in gastroduodenal area is related to its numerous targets and a wide range of its receptors. A variety of vagus nerve effects are related to the broad expression of cholinergic rece...

BACKGROUND Schwannomas of the vagus nerve and cervical sympathetic nerve are rare; hence, only limited information exists regarding their diagnosis and clinical management. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of the clinical features, imaging studies, and treatment results of patients with schwannoma of the vagus nerve and schwannoma of the sympathetic nerve. RESULTS Of 91 patients,...

OBJECTIVES To develop the first high-resolution, multi-scale model of cervical non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) and to predict vagus fiber type activation, given clinically relevant rheobase thresholds. METHODS An MRI-derived Finite Element Method (FEM) model was developed to accurately simulate key macroscopic (e.g., skin, soft tissue, muscle) and mesoscopic (cervical enlargement,...

Anatomy of vagus nerve: The vagus nerve arises from three nuclei located in the medulla of brain. They are (DAT) 1. Nucleus ambiguous (Motor) 2. Nucleus dorsalis 3. Nucleus of tractus solitaries Nucleus ambiguus: Is the motor nucleus of the vagus nerve (upper part give fibres to 9 nerve and lower to 10 th ). The efferent fibers of the dorsal nucleus innervates the involuntary muscles of bronchi...

Bilateral mediastinal vagus neurogenic tumors are very rare. We herein report the case of Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) patient with bilateral neurofibromas originating from the mediastinal vagus just distal site of the recurrent nerve, who underwent two-staged extirpations that successfully preserved both recurrent nerves. A 31-year-old female with a history of NF-1 was admitted to our hospi...

BACKGROUND Vagus nerve schwannoma is a benign neoplasm that usually presents as an asymptomatic slow growing mass, and its presentation as a neck mass is rare. The diagnosis can be difficult to make and complete surgical excision is challenging due to the proximity of the vagus nerve fibers from which it originates. The most common symptom associated with vagus nerve schwannoma arising in the n...

FiG. 1. Effects of strychnine (100 tcg/kg, i.v.), mephenesin (30 mg/kg), pentobarbital (15 mg/kg), GABA (200 mg/kg) on the reflex response of the right cervical vagus nerve. In each series of record from above downwards : reflex responses to the stimulation of the left cervical vagus, great splanchnic and sciatic nerves. Strychnine (A) augmented and mephenesin (B) reduced mainly the reflex resp...