BACKGROUND The disparity in prevalence of infectious diseases across the globe is common knowledge. Vitamin D receptor (VDR)-mediated toll-like receptor (TLR) 2/1 signaling produces antimicrobial peptides, which is critical as a first line of defense in innate immunity. Numerous studies disclosed the independent role of genetic polymorphisms in this pathway, vitamin D status or season and more ...

News media and meteorological bulletins generally report on the ultraviolet index (UVI) to prevent overexposure sun. However, this information does not reflect accumulated damage skin induced by total amount of UVR (ultraviolet radiation) over time, known as erythemal dose (ED). This study analyzed UVI ED measured at ±30 ±60 minutes around solar noon (SN) in Arica, North Chile. The results show...

[1] Equatorward and poleward auroral boundaries from latitude profiles of Polar Ultraviolet Imager (UVI) auroral images were correlated with over 23,000 boundaries derived from 2 years of Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) electron precipitation data. Latitude differences between DMSP and UVI boundaries were averaged into 1-hour and 3-hour sectors of magnetic local time (MLT). The ...

To support the application of ocean surface radiance data from ultraviolet imager (UVI) payload HY-1C oceanographic satellite and to improve quantification level observation technology, authenticity check study UVI was conducted provide a basis for products. The load makes up lack detection capabilities modern remote sensing satellites in band. UVDRAMS (Ultra-Violet Dual-band RadiAnce Measureme...

Variational inequalities theory is a potent tool that can be employed to tackle diverse optimization problems, with applications spanning physics, economics, finance and beyond. Solving the uncertain variational (UVI) has emerged as prominent research topic in academia. However, conventional regularization methods for solving UVI are subject certain limitations on convergence rate of algorithm....

[1] The nitric oxide (NO) density in the lower thermosphere has been calculated by a photochemical model for NOx and compared with measured NO densities from Student Nitric Oxide Explorer (SNOE). At higher latitudes the most important contributor for NO density increases is energetic electron precipitation. The electron energy is estimated in two ways, from auroral ultraviolet (UV) and X-ray me...

We discuss the move from reporting damaging UV radiation in terms of UVB to the now widely accepted erythemally weighted UV radiation (UV(Ery)) and the UV Index (UVI). The relationship between these quantities is given: to a good approximation, it is found that UVB(280-315 nm)= 7.55 [times] UV(Ery). In terms of the UV Index, the estimated UVB(280-315 nm) in units of W m(-2) is 18.9 times the UV...