This paper proposes a decentralized control technique to minimize the total operation cost of a DC microgrid in both grid-connected and islanded modes. In this study, a cost-based droop control scheme based on the hourly bids of all participant distributed generators (DGs) and the hourly energy price of the utility is presented. An economic power sharing technique among various types of DG unit...

background: disease-modifying drugs (dmds) are a significant expenditure for treating multiple sclerosis (ms). however, there is limited report on assessment of the cost-utility of dmds compared with symptom management in the presence of long-term data. this study aimed to assess the lifetime cost-utility from the iranian healthcare perspectives of 4dmds relative to symptom management alone in ...

Neurology S. Claiborne Johnston, Daryl R. Gress and James G. Kahn Which unruptured cerebral aneurysms should be treated?: A cost–utility analysis This information is current as of January 25, 2006 http://www.neurology.org/cgi/content/full/52/9/1806 located on the World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is Print ISSN: 0028-3878. Online ...

Through their communications mix, firms make decisions that have implications for the ease with which consumers can search for product information. A common intuition is that firms would like to make information easily available to consumers, but choose not to because facilitating consumer search is costly to them. The main result of this paper counters this intuition – firms may not want to ma...