Sea level reconstructions extend spatially dense data sets, such as those from satellite altimetry, by decomposing the data set into basis functions and fitting those functions to in situ tide gauge measurements with a longer temporal record. We compare and evaluate two methods for reconstructing sea level through an idealized study. The compared sea level reconstruction methods differ in the t...

This paper presents the Coastal Altimetry Waveform Retracking Expert System (CAWRES), a novel method to optimise the Jason satellite altimetric sea levels from multiple retracking solutions. CAWRES’ aim is to achieve the highest possible accuracy of coastal sea levels, thus bringing measurement of radar altimetry data closer to the coast. The principles of CAWRES are twofold. The first is to re...

The long-term sea level change during 1993 – 2008 is investigated in the Malaysian Seas from satellite altimetry data of the Topex, Jason-1, ERS-1, ERS-2 and Envisat missions. During the past two decades, satellite altimeter has provided its capability in measuring the global mean of sea level with precision better than 1 mm/year. Sea level data retrieval and reduction were carried out using Ra...

[1] Late-summer thickness distributions of large ice floes in the Transpolar Drift between Svalbard and the North Pole in 1991, 1996, 1998, and 2001 are compared. They have been derived from drilling and electromagnetic (EM) sounding. Results show a strong interannual variability, with significantly reduced thickness in 1998 and 2001. The mean thickness decreased by 22.5% from 3.11 m in 1991 to...

The hydrographic survey reduction using ellipsoid has been available since the advent of global navigation satellite system (GNSS), with a potential to streamline operation and enhance bathymetric output. Spatially continuous separation surfaces connecting chart datum (CD) geodetic is required for this technique. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) invented new quasi-seamless model Malaysian wa...

D I R E C T measurement of large-scale ocean currents with current meter arrays is difficult and costly on basin scales. Since large-scale currents are very nearly in geostrophic balance, their velocity can be calculated from the pressure gradient on an equigeopotential surface. The surface geostrophic current therefore can be calculated from the deviation of sea level from the equigeopotential...

The accurate knowledge of sea ice parameters, including sea ice thickness and snow depth over the sea ice cover, are key to both climate studies and data assimilation in operational forecasts. Large-scale active and passive remote sensing is the basis for the estimation of these parameters. In traditional altimetry or the retrieval of snow depth with passive microwave sensing, although the sea ...

Abstract Anthropogenic sea-level rise poses challenges to coastal areas globally. The combined influence of rising mean sea level (MSL) and storm surges exacerbate the extreme (ESL). Increasing ESL a major challenge for climate change adaptation nearly 2.6 billion inhabitants in Indian Ocean region. Yet, knowledge about past occurrences its progression is limited. Combining multiple tide-gauge ...