Background: Septic acute kidney injury is a syndrome of impairment function and organ damage linked with long-term adverse outcomes depending on the extent superimposed underlying reserve. Sepsis most important cause Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Interleukin-18 (IL-18) pro-inflammatory cytokine expressed in renal cortex, peritubular capillaries, interstitium.
 Aim: To assess role IL-18 compar...

Urinary bladder epithelial cells play an important role in the host defense against urinary tract infections. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is a potent cytokine that regulates immune responses by inducing multiple genes in many types of cells including urinary bladder epithelial cells. Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) is a member of the DExH-box family, which is involved in various reactio...

In the present issue of NDT, Chan et al. [1] report that the messenger (m) RNA expression of T-bet (a central Th1 transcription factor), interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-b and MCP-1 in the urinary sediment of patients with active lupus nephritis decrease with successful immunosuppressive therapy. Importantly, various other cytokine mRNAs, including those of IL-2, -4, -12 an...

Abstract Background and Aims Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) diagnostic lays on the kidney biopsy given absence of non-invasive biomarkers for disease demonstration follow-up. The aim this study was to evaluate accuracy ten urinary inflammatory-related cytokines in ATIN its clinical distinction from acute tubular necrosis (ATN). Method Observational prospective including 21 12 ATN pat...

Vitamin D deficiency is a common health problem with consequences not limited to bone and calcium hemostasis. Low levels have also been linked to tuberculosis and other respiratory infections as well as autoimmune diseases. We have previously shown that supplementation with vitamin D can induce the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin during ex vivo infection of human urinary bladder. In rodents,...

the aim of this study was to analyze 22 cytokine polymorphisms in the roma population from the republic of macedonia. the roma population consists of 77 healthy unrelated individuals, residents of different geographical regions of the republic of macedonia (skopje, gostivar, and kochani). blood samples were collected after obtaining written consent. dna was isolated from peripheral blood and 22...

one of the most important problems in neuroscience researches is the understanding what is the communication between the immune system and central nervous system. proinflammatory factors play an important role in this communication. the dysregulation of proinflammatory factors such as cytokines and chemokines is a central feature in the development of neuroinflammation.one of the important  cyt...

background:it has been hypothesized that genetic factors other than histocompatibility disparity may play a role in predisposition to developing chronic myelogenous leukemia (cml). in this regard, th1 and th2 cytokines and their gene polymorphism seems to be important. overall expression and secretion of cytokines is dependent, at least in part, on genetic polymorphism (nucleotide variations) w...

background almost one-third of the world's population is infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis, but only 10% of them develop tuberculosis. tnf-α/il-10 balance has key roles in controlling latent/activation stages of tuberculosis. objectives the objective of this study was to determine an association between polymorphic variants of the tnf-α and il-10 genes and tuberculosis. patients and meth...