Urban expansion significantly alters fringe environments often with undesirable impacts on biodiversity. Consequently, there is a need to define clear conservation objectives for areas subject to urban encroachment. Urban fringe development is a highly dynamic process, both spatially and temporally, but few studies are equipped to examine its temporal effects on biota. We aimed to explore the i...

Study objective: To examine the relations between geographical variations in mortality, morbidity, and deprivation at the small area level in the south west of England and to assess whether these relations vary between urban and rural areas. Design: A geographically based cross sectional study using 1991 census data on premature limiting long term illness (LLTI) and socioeconomic characteristic...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To examine the relations between geographical variations in mortality, morbidity, and deprivation at the small area level in the south west of England and to assess whether these relations vary between urban and rural areas. DESIGN A geographically based cross sectional study using 1991 census data on premature limiting long term illness (LLTI) and socioeconomic characteristic...

To study the effects of growth management efforts on urban fringe areas in Washington State’s Puget Sound region, USA, this study documents and quantifies transformations in land cover and land-use from 1974 to 1998 for a 474 km2 study area east of Seattle. Geo-referenced aerial photographs (orthophotos) were digitized, then classified, to compare patch patterns (clustered versus dispersed vege...

Urban flooding disasters have become increasingly frequent in rural-urban fringes due to rapid urbanization, posing a serious threat the aquatic environment, life security, and social economy. To address this issue, study proposes flood disaster risk assessment framework that integrates Weighted Naive Bayesian (WNB) classifier Complex Network Model (CNM). The WNB is employed predict distributio...