now days, citizens safety in urban spaces is one of the most important worries of urban managers. this may be reflected in different characters of urban spaces such as physical, social and economical and even political characters. with regard to increasing crimes and complexities of urban spaces, trying for achieve to sustainable, healthy and good cities mean in providing the safety environment...

This paper introduces a new game-theoretic framework and algorithms for addressing opportunistic crime. The Stackelberg Security Game (SSG), which models highly strategic and resourceful adversaries, has become an important computational framework within multiagent systems. Unfortunately, SSG is ill-suited as a framework for handling opportunistic crimes, which are committed by criminals who ar...

This paper introduces a new game-theoretic framework and algorithms for addressing opportunistic crime. Stackelberg Security Game (SSG), focused on highly strategic and resourceful adversaries, has become an important computational framework within multiagent systems. Unfortunately, SSG is ill-suited as a framework for handling opportunistic crimes, which are committed by criminals who are less...

BACKGROUND Crime may be a significant barrier to physical activity for urban African American women, yet few studies have examined this relationship in intervention studies. This study examines relationships among neighborhood crime incidents, perceptions of crime and safety, and adherence in a walking intervention among urban, midlife African-American women. METHODS The sample includes 148 w...

PURPOSE Evaluate the relationship between neighborhood crime and the amount of daily walking by minority adults. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study of minority adult walking behavior and crime. Setting. Oakland, California was chosen as the study area because of the substantial spatial variation in levels of criminal activity combined with detailed information on walking trips. PARTICI...

Socio-political context A detailed examination of the socio-political context of the development and expansion of forensic anthropology and archaeology is outside the aim of this paper. For a more detailed consideration of this subject see Cox [I]. That paper considers why so many UK-based anthropologists and archaeologists seek to extend the traditional parameters of their subject beyond the a...

BACKGROUND Although research has shown that numerous perceived environmental factors are supportive of physical activity, little is known about their associations with sedentary transport in motorcycle-oriented countries. This study examined the association between perceptions of Taiwan's environmental factors and urban adults' motorcycle use. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 1003 Taiwanese ...

Police patrols are used ubiquitously to deter crimes in urban areas. A distinctive feature of urban crimes is that criminals react opportunistically to patrol officers’ assignments. Compared to strategic attackers (such as terrorists) with a well-laid out plan, opportunistic criminals are less strategic in planning attacks and more flexible in executing them. I proposed two approaches to genera...