PIV experiments were carried out to study the mechanism and characteristics of a new artificial upwelling technology via differential heating named “DifferentialHeating-Liquid-Upwelling” (DHLU). Results show that there is a small scaled area with high temperature around the modelling heat point source in DHLU system. The existence of this high temperature area is suggested as the power source o...

Upwelling indices are commonly calculated using wind stress measurements [1]. They describe the physical process which causes upwelling but may not accurately predict the presence or absence of cold, nutrient rich, upwelled water reaching the surf zone. Cold, nutrient-rich, upwelled water plays an important role in surf zone ecosystems and therefore needs to be quantified. Here a daily coastal ...

Climate change is predicted to affect the phasing and amplitude of upwelling in eastern boundary current marine ecosystems. Effects may be strongest during the spring or summer ‘upwelling season,’ but may also be influential during winter before the spring transition. We tested the hypothesis that wintertime environmental forcing ‘pre-conditions’ the ecosystem and affects the timing and success...

Coastal upwellings are common in the Great Lakes but have lacked enumeration and systematic classification of spatial extent, frequency, duration, and magnitude. Near real-time sea surface temperature (SST) images derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) provide indices of upwelling events, but visual inspection of daily images can be tedious. Moreover, the definition o...

Upwelling in eastern boundary current systems is a primary driver of ecosystem productivity. Typically, peak upwelling occurs during spring and summer, but winter upwelling may also be important to ecosystem functions. In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that winter and spring/summer upwelling, operating through indirect trophic interactions, are important to a suite of top predators ...

Upwelling events can occur in most of the oceans altering the water physical, chemical and sediment conditions and consequently the species communities dwelling the areas. For better understanding the behavior of populations inhabiting upwelling regions, the spatial and temporal distribution of a Penaeoidea shrimp was studied correlating it with the abiotic factors that vary during upwelling an...

[1] Based on coupled climate model experiments, we suggest an antiphase relationship between the two major coastal upwelling zones in the Atlantic Ocean off northwestern and southwestern Africa. We describe this as an ‘upwelling seesaw’. The state of the coastal upwelling seesaw is controlled by variations in the oceanic meridional heat transfer between South and North Atlantic. In particular, ...

This work explores the applicability of fuzzy clustering methods to the segmentation of sea surface temperature (SST) images for the automatic identification of upwelling areas in the coastal ocean of Portugal. This has been done by exploring the fuzzy c-means algorithm. Visualization of fuzzy c-partitions is achieved by means of color mapping. Selection of the best c-partition that represents ...

Satellite tracking of 27 whale sharks in the eastern tropical Pacific, examined in relation to environmental data, indicates preferential occupancy of thermo-biological frontal systems. In these systems, thermal gradients are caused by wind-forced circulation and mixing, and biological gradients are caused by associated nutrient enrichment and enhanced primary productivity. Two of the frontal s...

A theoretical basis for analyzing new production of upwelling centers under various conditions and for comparing the relative performance of different upwelling centers has been developed using the concept of shift-up or acceleration of N03uptake. NO,concentration at the beginning of an upwelling cycle determines the rate of acceleration, the maximal specific NO,uptake rate, and the maximal new...