In the last four decades, the uses and application of ion-selective electrodes was widely applied in several researches as well as analytical projects. These electrodes are varied between solid state electrodes, liquid membrane electrodes, gas membrane electrodes, and plastic membrane electrodes. Plasticizers are one of the major components of the plastic membranes. As it is usually known, they...

Coulometric electrodes in series have been used with liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection to increase selectivity and resolution for the direct analysis of tissue neurotransmitters. Use of three coulometric sensors for electrochemical modification, selectivity, and peak identification has been expanded into "gate" cells of three or four coulometric electrodes that allow eliminat...

Cost reduction has become the primary theme of healthcare reforms globally. More providers are moving towards remote patient monitoring, which reduces the length of hospital stays and frees up their physicians and nurses for acute cases and helps them to tackle staff shortages. Physiological sensors are commonly used in many human specialties e.g. electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes, for monitor...

Conductivity is the intrinsic property of sea water from which salinity can be determined, and measurement a regulatory requirement. This work aimed at developing conductivity sensor for Ocean Observation applications. The concept capacitive coupling attempted in combination with contact electrodes while designing probe eliminates polarization lead, or electrode contamination issues associated ...

In order to investigate conductive properties of the system composed of a channel molecule and electrodes, a coupled perturbed Hartree-Fock method for non-Hermitian perturbation Hamiltonians is derived. A non-Hermitian perturbation Hamiltonian which describes interactions between the channel molecule and an electrode is given to represent inflow and outflow at the interface. The effects of elec...

AC electromagnetic flowmeters yield a low-frequency signal whose amplitude is proportional to the average fluid velocity. Typically, the input signal magnitude is below 1 mV and suffers a strong electric and magnetic interference from the coils that create the driving magnetic field. This paper provides a novel circuit design to amplify and demodulate the voltage picked up by the electrodes and...

B. Gao, Y. F. Chen, M. S. Fuhrer, D. C. Glattli , and A. Bachtold 1, 4 1 Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris 05, France 2 Department of Physics and Center for Superconductivity Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA 3 SPEC, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France 4 ICN and CNM-CSIC, Campus UABarcelona, 08193 Bellaterra,...