Although patients with severe multiple injuries may have other reasons for unconsciousness, traumatic brain injury (TBI) in these patients is frequently defined by the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Nevertheless, the diagnostic value of GCS for severe TBI in the multiple-injured patient is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the diagnostic value of GCS to identify severe TBI in multiple-injured pati...

The commonest and simplest operational definition of consciousness is, the state of the patient’s awareness of self and environment and his responsiveness to external stimulation and inner need. Therefore, unconsciousness has the opposite meaning, that is, a state of unawareness of self and environment or a suspension of those mental activities by which people are made aware of themselves and t...

General anesthesia (GA) is a reversible drug-induced state of altered arousal required for more than 60,000 surgical procedures each day in the United States alone. Sedation and unconsciousness under GA are associated with stereotyped electrophysiological oscillations that are thought to reflect profound disruptions of activity in neuronal circuits that mediate awareness and cognition. Computat...

The dynamic core hypothesis posits that consciousness is correlated with simultaneously integrated and differentiated assemblies of transiently synchronized brain regions. We represented time-dependent functional interactions using networks assessed the integrity by means size flexibility largest multilayer module. As a first step, we constrained parameter selection newly developed benchmark fo...

introduction : although many protocols are available in the field of the prehospital medical care (pmc), there is still a notable gap between protocol based directions and applied clinical practice. this study measures the rate of protocol adherence in pmc provided for patients with chest pain and loss of consciousness (loc). method : in this cross-sectional study, 10 educated research assistan...