The share of health care expenditure in GDP rises rapidly in virtually all OECD countries, causing increasing concern among politicians and the general public. Yet, economists have to date failed to reach an agreement on what the main determinants of this development are. This paper revisits Baumol's [Baumol, W.J., 1967. Macroeconomics of unbalanced growth: the anatomy of urban crisis. American...

This Working Paper should not be reported as representing the views of the IMF. The views expressed in this Working Paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the IMF or IMF policy. Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to further debate. In this paper, the IMF’s new Global Economy Model (GEM) is us...

Executive summary This paper discusses volatility in general government spending in EU countries. While this volatility has on average declined over time when measured by its standard deviation, a large cross-country variation in the degree of volatility can be observed. Estimates covering all EU-27 countries indicate that high volatility tends to be associated with fast growing government spen...

Since its description in 1965, distal 10q trisomy has become recognised as a well defined, although rare syndrome, almost always the result of an unbalanced translocation. Typical features consist of psychomotor delay, a distinctive dysmorphic appearance, growth retardation, and, in some cases, cardiac, renal, and ocular abnormalities.

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