Two studies were conducted to identify the incidence (Study 1) and characteristics (Study 2) of juvenile prostitution cases known to law enforcement agencies in the United States. Study 1 revealed a national estimate of 1,450 arrests or detentions (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1,287-1,614) in cases involving juvenile prostitution during a 1-year period. In Study 2, exploratory data were collec...

A common empirical observation in mutualistic interactions is the persistence of variation in partner quality and, in particular, the persistence of exploitative phenotypes. For mutualisms between hosts and symbionts, most mutualism theory assumes that exploiters always impose fitness costs on their host. We exposed legume hosts to mutualistic (nitrogen-fixing) and exploitative (non-nitrogen-fi...

Software piracy has been studied by academics, software firms, law enforcement agents and policy makers for many years. Previous research in software piracy either did not differentiate between unauthorized copying and unauthorized sharing, or focused only on unauthorized copying. We believe the motivating factors behind the two behaviors are quite different because beneficiaries of the behavio...

Nowadays, the consumption of meat and meat products has been increased with modern manufacturing techniques. Due to the economic value, the likelihood of using unauthorized tissue is possible in meat products. The aim of this study was to apply morphological methods for detection of unauthorized tissues in meat sausage. In this study, a total number of 20 samples of different types of sausages ...

background: nowadays, there is an increase of meat and animal carcass consumption worldwide. due to the economic value of meat, the likelihood of using unauthorized tissue is possible in meat products. based on these observations, the aim of the present study was to apply morphological method for detection of unauthorized tissues in processed meat products.  methods: in this study, a total of 2...