The effects of input parameters on the square-cup deep-drawing process for a two-layer aluminum/steel laminated sheet were investigated. Each layer was 0.7 mm thick, and the input parameters covered in the investigation were punch nose radius (PR), die shoulder radius (DR), the clearance between a punch and die (CPD), blank holder force (BHF), and layer arrangement (LA). The effects of the inpu...

We investigate the characterization of defect modes in one-dimensional ternary symmetric metallo-dielectric photonic crystal (1DTSMDPC) band-gap structures. We consider the defect modes for symmetric model with respect to the defect layer. We demonstrate reflectance with respect to the wavelength and its dependence on different thicknesses and indices of refraction of dielectric defect layer, a...

SWCNT can be conceptualized by wrapping a one-atomic-layer thick graphene into a hollow cylinder. As shown in Figure 1, the wrapping way is represented by the chiral vector (n, m), which denote the number of unit vectors along two directions in the crystal lattice of graphene sheet.1 Because of the symmetry and unique electronic structure of graphene, the structures of SWCNTs strongly affect th...

The ability of carbon to exist in many forms across dimensions has spawned search in exploring newer allotropes consisting of either, different networks of polygons or rings. While research on various 3D phases of carbon has been extensive, 2D allotropes formed from stable rings are yet to be unearthed. Here, we report a new sp(2) hybridized two-dimensional allotrope consisting of continuous 5-...

Two reproducible new phases of 2D boron sheets have been found on Ag(1 1 1). One of them shares the identical atomic structure of the previously reported S1 phase (β 12 sheet) but has a different rotational relationship with the substrate, and thus exhibits very different features in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images. The other new phase has a hexagonal symmetry and is proposed to be t...

The mechanical behavior of a metallic sandwich sheet material composed of two flat face sheets and two bi-directionally corrugated core layers is analyzed in detail. The manufacturing of the sandwich material is simulated to obtain a detailed unit cell model which accounts for the non-uniform thickness distribution and residual stresses associated with the stamping of the core layers. Virtual e...

In this paper the effects of adding an extra layer within a sandwich panel and coretypes in top and bottom cores on quasistatic loading are studied experimentally. The panel includes polymer composite laminated sheets for faces and the internal laminated sheet called extra layer sheet, and two types of crushable foams are selected as the core material. Quasistatic tests were done by ZWICK testi...

many research studies have been performed on forced convection (active) solar dryers for fruit and vegetables. a short survey of these showed that applying the forced convection solar dryer not only significantly reduced the drying time but also resulted in many improvements in the quality of the dried products. active indirect and mixed-mode thin layer solar drying experiments were conducted o...

We explore the possibility of inducing a topological insulator phase in a honeycomb lattice lacking spin-orbit interaction using a metallic (or Fermi gas) environment. The lattice and the metallic environment interact through a density-density interaction without particle tunneling, and integrating out the metallic environment produces a honeycomb sheet with in-plane oscillating long-ranged int...

A pair of mutually twisted metallic cross-wires can produce giant optical activity. When this single chiral layer is stacked layer by layer in order to build a thick chiral metamaterial, strong coupling effects are found between the two adjacent chiral layers. We studied these coupling effects numerically and experimentally. The results show that the existing coupling between chiral layers can ...