Commonly used direct rendering techniques simulate light transport for a complete scene, specified in terms of light sources, geometry, materials, participating media, etc. On the other hand, inverse rendering problems take as input a desired light distribution and try to find the unknown parts of the scene needed to get such light field. The latter kind, where inverse reflector design is inclu...

The dual polarized reflector antenna used for satellite communications consists of two reflectors; one reflector is solid, the other consists of metal grid. The structure is complicated and the bandwidth is narrow. This antenna structure can be simplified by removing the metal grid and using the solid reflector together with a thin electromagnetic band gap material pasted to the surface of the ...

We consider reflector imaging in a weakly random waveguide. We address the situation in which the source is farther from the reflector to be imaged than the energy equipartition distance, but the receiver array is closer to the reflector to be imaged than the energy equipartition distance. As a consequence, the reflector is illuminated by a partially coherent field and the signals recorded by t...

we used qcd factorization for the hadronic matrix elements to show that the existing data, in particular the branching ratios br ( ?j/?k) and br ( ?j/??), can be accounted for this approach. we analyzed the decay within the framework of qcd factorization. we have complete calculation of the relevant hard-scattering kernels for twist-2 and twist-3. we calculated this decays in a special scale ( ...

today, due to qualitative growth and scientific advances, energy, especially electricity is increasingly needed by human society. one of the almost endless and pure energy which have been paid attention over the years is the solar energy. solar cells directly convert solar energy into electrical energy and are one of the main blocks of photovoltaic systems. significant improvement has been made...

In many areas of Washington, it rains for a majority of the year. During rainy weather it becomes difficult to see street lanes and dividers, causing hazardous road conditions. The Piezoelectric Powered LED Street Reflector solves this problem. The PPL Street Reflector modifies a street reflector with LED lights. These lights help drivers clearly see where dividers and street lines are in non-i...

We propose and numerically analyze a plasmonic Bragg reflector formed in a graphene waveguide. The results show that the graphene plasmonic Bragg reflector can produce a broadband stopband that can be tuned over a wide wavelength range by a small change in the Fermi energy level of graphene. By introducing a defect into the Bragg reflector, we can achieve a Fabry-Perot-like microcavity with a q...

Abstract The reflector on an impulse radiating antennas (IRAs) is normally designed to be paraboloidal in shape, and are oriented so that the electrical feed point of the TEM feed line coincides with the focal point of the paraboloid. In many practical cases, the feed point and focal points are not exactly aligned, producing some defocus of the reflector. There are two types of defocus that can...

We report the experimental demonstration of a new design for external cavity hybrid lasers consisting of a III-V semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) with fiber reflector and a photonic crystal (PhC)-based resonant reflector on SOI. The silicon reflector is composed of an SU8 polymer bus waveguide vertically coupled to a PhC cavity and provides a wavelength-selective optical feedback to the la...

The suitability of various radiating systems for generating a directive high power microwave (HPhl ) beam is investigated. It is concluded that offset reflector antenna systems are well suited for this purpose. An HPM reflector antenna may consist of one or two reflectors that are illuminated by single or array feeds. To accurately predict the performance of an HPM reflector antenna, a versatil...