Multiple playing surfaces and footwear used in American football warrant a better understanding of relationship between different combinations of turf and footwear. The purpose of this study was to examine effects of shoe and stud types on ground reaction force (GRF) and ankle and knee kinematics of a 180° cut and a single-leg 90° land-cut on synthetic turf. Fourteen recreational football playe...

BACKGROUND Football turf is increasingly used in European soccer competition. Little is known on the rotational torque that players experience on these fields. High rotational torques between the shoe outsole and the sports surface has been correlated with torsional injuries of the lower limb and knee. PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of six parameters that could influence the rotational torque...

Weeds are commonly found in bermudagrass turf during the winter and early spring throughout the Southeastern United States whether this turf is used for lawns, parks, athletic fields or golf courses. Mild winter temperatures favor rapid growth of these annuals. When bermudagrass goes dormant in the fall after the first killing frost, it does not compete with germinating winter weeds. Bermudagra...

• I ybrid bermndagrasses are excellent performers in athletic fields because of their uniformity, traction, and tolerance to heat and wear. Unfortunately, every turfgrass species has its weaknesses. Although resistant to most disease problems, bermudagrasses are highly susceptible to the fungal disease spring dead spot. This disease annually causes widespread damage to berrnudagrass in athletic...

The objective of this study was to compare incidences and patterns of injury for female and male elite teams when playing football on artificial turf and grass. Twenty teams (15 male, 5 female) playing home matches on third-generation artificial turf were followed prospectively; their injury risk when playing on artificial turf pitches was compared with the risk when playing on grass. Individua...

This study aims to investigate thermophilic methanogens in turf used as an inoculum. Results showed that Methanoculleus sp. regarded as hydrogenotrophic and Methanosarcina sp. regarded as acetoclastic methanogens were present in turf tested. However, active acetoclastic methanogens were present in turf soil only. The current study showed that thermophilic methanogens were present in various tur...

abstract in order to analyse of soil volume humidity and water potential of turf using of different amounts of water absorbent polymer in sort of acryl amid potassium, an experiment conducted at research farm of meybod azad university in 2005. the experiment was conducted in randomized completed block design in four levels of polymers of 3, 6, 12 and 24 gr/m2 and 0 gr/m2 of polymers was conside...

Pathology challenges Turf nematodes are worm-like animals that are less than one-eighth of an inch long. Because they can't be seen by eye or hand lens, live hidden in the soil and cause no specific symptoms in turfgrasses, nematode damage goes unnoticed or is explained away to other problems, such as poor fertility, soil compaction, watering or diseases. The first symptom of nematode damage is...

CONTEXT Despite an increasing awareness of turf toe injury, confusion still exists regarding the anatomy, mechanism, diagnosis, and treatment of this hyperextension injury to the hallux metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION This article reviews the anatomy, diagnosis, and treatment algorithm for turf toe injury by reviewing relevant studies and presenting information useful to...

This project focuses on how agricultural land cover has changed over time in comparison to developed and turf/grass land cover areas. This was done for two areas, the State of Connecticut and the area of Hartford County, Connecticut. This project defines specific areas in which agricultural land cover have changed to another type of land cover between the years 1985 and 2006. Changes to develop...