The Ruby programming language has extensive metaprogramming functionality. Unlike most similar languages, the use of these features is idiomatic and much of the Ruby ecosystem uses metaprogramming operations in the inner loops of libraries and applications. The foundational techniques to make most of these metaprogramming operations efficient have been known since the work on Smalltalk and Self...

UNLABELLED PREMISE OF THE STUDY Tuber aestivum, the most common truffle in Europe, plays an important role in the commercial truffle market. For the first time, microsatellite primers were developed to investigate polymorphism within this species. • METHODS AND RESULTS Using direct shotgun pyrosequencing, 15 polymorphic microsatellites were identified out of the 7784 perfect microsatellite...

Yield and different nut parameters were measured for two growing seasons on mature (28–29 years) trees of 11 pecan cultivars grown in an experimental orchard located the Puglia Region, Southeastern Italy. ‘Shoshoni’ ‘Shawnee’ seedlings inoculated with three truffle species (Tuber borchii—known as ‘whitish truffle’, T. aestivum—called ‘summer melanosporum—the common ‘Black truffle’) investigated...

Large amounts of buckwheat waste are generated annually by the industry and used in several different ways. To date, there has been little research regarding its suitability as a medium for growing seedlings nurseries. The aim this study was therefore to analyze common Tartary wastes (brans husks) media raising seedlings. A pot experiment with five treatments carried out, which silver fir root ...

Context: Software development tools that interact with running programs such as debuggers, profilers, and dynamic analysis frameworks are presumed to demand difficult tradeoffs among implementation complexity (cost), functionality, usability, and performance. Among the many consequences, tools are often delivered late (if ever), have limited functionality, require non-standard configurations, a...

Solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GCMS) was used to show that dimethyl sulfide produced by Burkholderia pseudomallei is responsible for its unusual truffle-like smell and distinguishes the species from Burkholderia thailandensis. SPME-GCMS can be safely used to detect dimethyl sulfide produced by agar-grown B. pseudomallei.

cDNA arrays were used to explore mechanisms controlling fruiting body development in the truffle Tuber borchii. Differences in gene expression were higher between reproductive and vegetative stage than between two stages of fruiting body maturation. We suggest hypotheses about the importance of various physiological processes during the development of fruiting bodies.