In 2002, daily fluctuations in trunk diameter and fruit diameter on ‘Conference’ pear trees were measured with linear voltage displacement transducers. On an average sunny day in July, trunk diameter started to decrease around 10 a.m. when air temperature increased. This continued until 8 p.m. when air temperature started to decline. Fruit diameter growth of ‘Conference’ ceased as soon as trunk...

ABSTRACT- Soilless cultivation systems are used to attain higher performance, improve crop quality, conserve water and land, and protect the environment better. This study has attempted to use some agricultural wastes and organic matter, and management practices to optimize water holding capacity of cultural media, which are suitable for the growth of tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum.). F...

Estimation of tree growth is based on sparse observations of tree diameter, ring widths, or increments read from a dendrometer. From annual measurements on a few trees (e.g., increment cores) or sporadic measurements from many trees (e.g., diameter censuses on mapped plots), relationships with resources, tree size, and climate are extrapolated to whole stands. There has been no way to formally ...

Given an edge-weighted undirected graph G = (V,E, c, w), where each edge e ∈ E has a cost c(e) and a weight w(e), a set S ⊆ V of terminals and a positive constant D0, we seek a minimum cost Steiner tree where all terminals appear as leaves and its diameter is bounded by D0. Note that the diameter of a tree represents the maximum weight of path connecting two different leaves in the tree. Such p...

Knowledge of tree age-size relationships is essential towards evaluating the sustainability of harvest regulations that include minimum diameter cutting limits and fixed-length cutting cycles. Although many tropical trees form annual growth rings and can be aged from discs or cores, destructive sampling is not always an option for valuable or threatened species. We used an individual-based popu...

high-density planting system is one of the effective methods for improving production and profitability of tree orchards. in this research, the effects of four planting densities (1904, 2666, 3137 and 4800 tree/ha) on annual shoot growth, tree yield, physicochemical properties of fruit and leaf mineral contents of apple (malus domestica borkh cv ‘granny smith’treegrafted on m26 clonal rootstock...

Biomass is a fundamental measure in the natural sciences, and numerous models have been developed to forecast timber and fishery yields, forest carbon content, and other environmental services that depend on biomass estimates. We derive general results that reveal how dynamic models that simulate growth as an increase in a linear measure of size (e.g., diameter, length, height) result in biased...

in order to select of the best nectarine cultivars in meshkinshahr environmental condition, 11 cultivars of nectarines (including: independence, star redgold, stark sunglow, sanking, quata, shabrang e karaj, germez-e-paeez-e-mashad and 4 new imported cultivars including: winberger, vega, orion and gioia) were grafted on misory peach rootstock. cultivars were planted in randomized complete block...

the oriental beech constitute one third of northern forests area and stocking volume in the north ofiran. these stands obseve in pure and mixed. in order to properly management which guaranteesustained yield, it is crucial to collect basic information including stocking (volume and stem number),tree growth, diameter distribution pattern, diameter-height relationship, diameter-volume relationshi...