traumatic brain injury (tbi) is described as a situation in which the brain is damaged by an external force. it is considered to be a chief problem in health care. pharmacotherapy and stem cell therapy are the main treatments used in tbi. the purpose of these procedures is to control the inflammation in injured regions of brain. currently, there is no effective care for tbi that could regenerat...

Background: Traumatic brain injury is believed to be a public health disorder with some complications. Post Traumatic Neurocognitive Disorders (PTND) received much attention among these complications because of the high prevalence of mild traumatic brain injuries. On the other hand, advanced neuroimaging is increasingly becoming an exciting modality in the field of traumatic brain injury. Magne...

OBJECTIVES Sport-related traumatic brain injuries are a significant public health burden, with hundreds of thousands sustained annually in North America. While sports offer numerous physical and social health benefits, traumatic brain injuries such as concussion can seriously impact a player's life, athletic career, and sport enjoyment. The culture in many sports encourages winning at all costs...

Carpo-metacarpal dislocations are rare traumatic injuries resulting from violent trauma; they mostly observed in young subjects. The spatular form is often accompanied by metacarpal fractures. We report a clinical case of complete dorsal carpo-metacarpal dislocation. This was 34-year-old patient, admitted for closed trauma the right hand, whom examination noted edema hand. radiological workup s...

INTRODUCTION Traumatic spine injuries are on the rise. The literature is sparse regarding epidemiology of patients with traumatic spine injuries from this part of the world. OBJECTIVES To analyse the following in patients with traumatic spine injuries with neurological deficits: demographic and social profile, common modes of injury, pre-hospitalisation practices, region of spine affected, se...

injuries. Since occupational hand injuries occur as a result of acute exogenous force, most causes of occupational hand injuries are transient risk factors occurring immediately before injury occurs. Triggers can be reasonably defined as preceding causes in causal relationships. When many different causes exist causing the same outcome, the probability that a certain outcome will occur can be r...

Background: The epidemiology of traumatic dislocations and ligamentous/tendinous injuries is poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and distribution of various dislocations and ligamentous/tendinous injuries in a tertiary orthopedic hospital in Iran. Methods: Musculoskeletal injuries in an academic tertiary health care center in Tehran February 2005 to October 201...

Repetitive minor vascular injuries caused by physical activity in athletes may lead to ischaemia of the upper extremities. In volleyball players in particular, traumatic aneurysm of the posterior circumflex humeral artery has been reported to be a cause of ischaemia of the arm and hand. Such an aneurysm is described here; it was treated successfully with endovascular embolisation.

Background: Brown-Sequard syndrome (BSS) is a rare neurological condition resulting from a hemisection injury to or unilateral compression on the spinal cord. The most common causes of BSS that are amenable to be treated surgically can be divided into traumatic and non-traumatic injuries. Traumatic injuries are often reported as the main cause of BSS. However, non-traumatic injuries of the spin...

BACKGROUND Complex peripheral nerve injuries of the hand include at least 300,000 cases per year in Europe. The standard treatment involves a microsurgical end-to-end suture of traumatic sensory nerve lesions of the hand without a gap. The objective of this study protocol is to evaluate whether the additional use of a chitosan nerve tube in primary repair of traumatic sensory nerve lesions of t...