In the precast structures, optimization of structural elements is of great interest mainly due to a more rationalized way that elements are produced. There are several elements of precast prestressed concrete that are objects of study in optimization processes, as the prestressed joist applied in buildings slabs. This article inquires into cost minimization of continuous and simply supported sl...

This paper develops a model for calculating comparable combined internal and external costs of intermodal and road freight transport networks. Internal costs consist of the operational-private costs borne by the transport and intermodal terminal operators, and the time costs of goods tied in transit. The external costs include the costs of the impacts of both networks on society and the environ...

Global offshoring has increased the need for transport of half-finished goods and components, along with finished goods. The auto-parts industry in Korea has also entered the global market as Korean car manufacturers have started to build overseas factories. Maintaining cost competitiveness by minimising total logistics costs will thus be a critical strategy for the industry. This research comp...