نتایج جستجو برای: translation procedure
تعداد نتایج: 740569 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
elamite documents, and evidence of elamite writing in general, are rare from this period. however from susa under the sukkalmah period, there are some 550 legal documents in akkadian in various legal subjects, like sale, lease, and judicial procedures; this provides the historian with a unique opportunity fir the study of elamite legal and social institutions. the present essay will edit and tr...
The often-cited back translation procedure used for the translation of research instruments has not been consistently described in cross-cultural literature. Translation errors resulting in conceptually dissimilar instruments can compromise comparisons of cross-cultural health initiatives. This report describes a five-step translation procedure and equivalence and reliability testing process us...
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Self-Report Scale in Iran. Method: This was a descriptive/survey (validation) study. First, the Persian version of the ASRS was prepared using translation-back translation procedure. Then, this scale along with the Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Sca...
This study was a Persian-English comparative translation investigation on the selected poems of Forough- Farrokhzad, an influential contemporary Iranian poet. Two English translations were analyzed: one by a native Persian speaker, Sholeh Wolpé, an Iranian poet and translator, and the other by a non-native Persian speaker, Jascha Kessler, an American poet, writer and translator. The trans...
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate reliability and validity of Persian version of the Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised in Gorganian Bodybuilder men. After a rigorous translation and back-translation procedure, 400 men completed the Drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS), the Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised (EDS-R), the Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q), and the Clin...
“any science seeks generalities; the aim is to transcend knowledge of particular cases by discovering general regularities or laws” (chesterman, 2001, p. 1). these were the words of chesterman whose paper has served as a typical example of numerous papers carried out on ‘translation universals’ since the mid-nineties. blum-kulka (1986) is among translation studies scholars who proposed ‘explici...
The quality of a sentence translated by a machine translation (MT) system is difficult to evaluate. We propose a method for automatically evaluating the quality of each translation. In general, when translating a given sentence, one or more conditions should be satisfied to maintain a high translation quality. In EnglishJapanese translation, for example, prepositions and infinitives must be app...
toury (1978:200) believes that translation is a kind of activity which inevitably involves at least two languages and two cultural traditions. being polite while asking for something takes place differently in different cultures and languages, therefore various strategies may be applied for making requests and also translation of them in order not to disturb or threaten the face or better to sa...
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