Although in vitro studies show that muscarinic M(3) receptors primarily mediate the effects of acetylcholine on gastrointestinal contractility, the muscarinic receptor subtypes regulating gastrointestinal motor activity and transit in humans in vivo are unclear. We hypothesized that muscarinic M(3)-specific but not nonspecific receptor antagonists would delay gastrointestinal and colonic transi...

Introduction: The dwell time and transit time components contribute to the overall delivered dose to patients in high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy treatments. The transit time results from source entry and exit as well as source movements between dwell positions. It depends on various parameters such as the source speed profile, source indexer distance to dwell position, and ...

On 4 October 1957, without warning, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik I, and with it the space age. The United States was taken by surprise. We had no receiving equipment to listen to the satellite, and worst of all, we didn’t know what the satellite did. This external stimulus led to the Navy Navigation Satellite System, known as Transit, an all-weather satellite navigational system that allow...

Although restraint stress accelerates colonic transit via a central corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), the precise mechanism still remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that restraint stress and central CRF stimulate colonic motility and transit via a vagal pathway and 5-HT(3) receptors of the proximal colon in rats. (51)Cr was injected via the catheter positioned in the proximal colon t...

Burn injury has been shown to impair gut transit, but the exact mechanism remains unknown. The present study investigated whether nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX) mediated changes in burn-induced colonic transit. After rats underwent 30% total body surface area burn injury, they were injected with S-methylisothiourea (SMT, selective inducible NOS inhibitor), 7-nitronidazole ...

Today, prepaid cards are used in dozens of payment applications. To examine the most recent developments, the Payment Cards Center of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia hosted a workshop on August 22, 2011. Leading the workshop was Tim Walsh, president and chief executive officer of Ready Credit Corporation, a firm that developed network-branded prepaid cards for use in transit-fare syste...

We report the discovery of a planet transiting a moderately faint (V = 12.3mag) late F star, with an orbital period of 3.92289 ± 0.00004days. From the transit light curve and radial velocity measurements we determine that the radius of the planet is Rp = 1.40 ± 0.06RJup and that the mass is Mp = 0.78 ± 0.09MJup. The density of the new planet, ρp = 0.35 ± 0.06 g cm , fits to the low-density tail...

colon transit time study with radio opaque markers is a simple method for assessment of colon motility disorder in patients with chronic idiopathic constipation. appendicitis caused by metallic objects has been reported repeatedly and is very important because of its complications. we report a case of acute appendicitis that was induced by impaction of radio opaque markers after colon transit t...

Sildenafil slows down the gastric emptying of a liquid test meal in awake rats and inhibits the contractility of intestinal tissue strips. We studied the acute effects of sildenafil on in vivo intestinal transit in rats. Fasted, male albino rats (180-220 g, N = 44) were treated (0.2 mL, iv) with sildenafil (4 mg/kg) or vehicle (0.01 N HCl). Ten minutes later they were fed a liquid test meal (99...