There are an increasing number of biological and bioengineering contexts in which cavitation is either utilized to create some desired effect or occurs as a byproduct of some other process. In this review an attempt will be made to describe a cross-section of these cavitation phenomena. In the byproduct category we describe some of the cavitation generated by head injuries and in artifical hear...

We demonstrate the dynamics of arrays of transient cavitation bubbles exposed to a sound field in a planar geometry. Single, double, and complex configurations of cavitation bubbles are obtained by shaping a pulsed laser beam with a digital hologram and focusing it into a thin gap of liquid. The liquid is driven with an oscillating pressure field of variable phase and amplitude. We compare the ...

Focused ultrasound in conjunction with lipid microbubbles has fully demonstrated its ability to induce non-invasive, transient, and reversible blood-brain barrier opening. This study was aimed at testing the feasibility of our lipid-coated microbubbles as a vector for targeted drug delivery in the treatment of central nervous system diseases. These microbubbles were labeled with the fluorophore...

In this paper a numerical approach for the prediction of the unsteady atomization process of liquid fuel in Diesel engine is presented. The dependences between the transient nozzle flow and spray formation are analysed. For that purpose models to simulate unsteady nozzle flows including the transient behaviour of cavitation and two-phase atomization process are employed. Results of transient fl...

Abstract The high speed, transient cavitating flow distribution inside diesel injector nozzles with consideration of the opening and closing needle valve is calculated using a generalized equation of state (EOS) to describe the fluid density, a homogeneous equilibrium model (HEM) for phase change, and an arbitrary moving mesh to account for needle motion. The KIVA-3V code was modified for the g...

This short review provides the current state-of-the-art of in situ coupling of ultrasound to chemical deposition methods. A synergetic action of the ultrasound and light radiation or electrical fields may result in new powerful methodologies, and these include sonophotodeposition and sonoelectrodeposition processes. The effect of ultrasound is explained on the base of different physical mechani...

Cavitation bubble dynamics close to a rigid surface gives rise to a rapid and transient fluid flow. A single bubble is created with a laser pulse at different stand-off distances from the rigid surface, where the stand-off distance gamma is defined by gamma = h/R(max), with h being the initial distance and R(max) being the maximum bubble radius. When the surface is covered with adherent cells, ...