We investigated dogs’ ability to take the visual perspective of humans. In the main study, each of two toys was placed on the dog’s side of two small barriers (one opaque, one transparent). In experimental conditions, a human sat on the opposite side of the barriers, such that she could see only the toy behind the transparent barrier. The experimenter then told the dog to ‘Bring it here!’ (with...

In India there is a living tradition of indigenous popular toys. Yet despite it's great worth and value, this area of crafts for children is among the most neglected parts of our cultural heritage. My interest in the development of Indian toys grew from a different angle. I used to teach a course in Material Manipulation for design students at the National Institute of Design (NID). We often lo...

Recognizing similarity between one’s own and others’ actions is important for identifying others with whom to affiliate and from whom to learn. In this study, 40 19-month-old toddlers recognized when a puppet chose the same toys as them. Toddlers preferred to affiliate with a puppet who chose the same toys as themselves relative to a puppet who chose other toys and they modified their subsequen...

OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the noise generated by toys targeted for children and to compare the results over the course of 4 consecutive holiday shopping seasons. STUDY DESIGN Experimental study. SETTING Academic medical center. SUBJECTS AND METHODS During 2008-2011, more than 200 toys marketed for children older than 6 months were screened for loudness. The toys with sound outp...

principal investigator for the team. His collaborators were Jean-Pierre Kinet, a professor of pathology at Harvard Medical School who first cloned the gene for the IgE receptor in 1986, and Scott Garman, a postdoctoral fellow in the Northwestern Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology. About 50 million people in the United States have some form of allergy. Many allergies...

The historical, anthropological and developmental research shows that play has been universal in all cultures, children's is supported by toys materials produced adults. It well known that, when properly used, quality provide children with a wealth of opportunities for creativity, social interaction adults, effective participation. However, research-based evidence on specific types support lear...