Learning progressions offer a model for educators of the paths by which learning might proceed within a domain. A particular emphasis of much research – both within science education and other domains – has been on teaching higher order thinking skills and engaging students in evidence-based argumentation. However, no tested and validated model exists of students’ progression with argumentation...

We investigate the predictive capability of mathematical models type-token relationship applied to vocabulary growth profiles selected English language documents. compare existing Good-Toulmin and Heaps formulae with an alternative approach based on Bernoulli trial word selection from a fixed finite using Zipf Zipf-Mandelbrot probability distributions. make two major observations: firstly, whil...

To comprehensively examine the quality of argumentative writing, it is important to integrate aspects structure and substance. This study seeks foreground application Intellectual Standards (IS) as a core component writing process. The research aims determine argumentation in terms using TAP Toulmin concept substance IS. participants were 80 high school students Central Java, Indonesia. A mixed...

Abstract English argumentative writing is difficult in second language for ESL students. Although there has been a lot of research on writings, empirical focusing claims very scarce. Based the Toulmin model, this paper studied relationship between and performance. 117 time-limited writings were collected at top university Northeast China. The qualifiers form words, participle sentence (QW, QP, ...

Freeman’s argument structure approach (1991, revised in 2011) makes up for some deficiencies of the standard approach and the Toulmin model respectively. It clarifies Toulmin’s dim understanding of modal qualifiers, not only can characterize a complicated argument that consists of multiple sub-arguments, but also can reflect the dialectical tier of an argument better and more precisely. Meanwhi...

Perkembangan teknologi yang bergerak dengan cepat dapat diimbangi pembelajaran mengakomodasi perkembangan peserta didik secara keseluruhan. Salah satu kemampuan dibutuhkan adalah argumentasi. Kemampuan argumentasi melatih mengembangkan berpikir kritis serta menjadi seorang pengambil kebijakan baik. Namun adanya masa pandemi dan dilaksanakan daring menyebabkan learning gap, salah satunya dalam h...