Torque teno virus (TTV) is a circular, single-stranded DNA virus that chronically infects healthy individuals of all ages worldwide. TTV has an extreme genetic heterogeneity which is reflected in its current classification into five main phylogenetic groups (1-5). Using specific PCR assays, it has been shown that many individuals are co-infected with TTV isolates belonging to different phylogen...

For the past century, public health officials have relied on fecal coliforms to identify and track bacterial contamination. However, several issues arise when using coliforms as indicators for viral pathogen risk. First, there is a lack of association between fecal coliforms and human enteric viruses in the environment. Second, there are differences in the fate of coliforms compared to viral pa...

Humans are frequently infected with three anelloviruses which have circular DNA genomes of 3.6-3.9 kb [Torque teno virus (TTV)], 2.8-2.9 kb [Torque teno mini virus (TTMV)] and 3.2 kb [a recently discovered anellovirus named Torque teno midi virus (TTMDV)]. Unexpectedly, human TTMDV DNA was not detectable in any of 74 chimpanzees tested, although all but one tested positive for both human TTV an...

YELLOWKNIFE BAY, MARS. J.C. Bridges, S.P. Schwenzer, R. Leveille, F. Westall, R.C. Wiens, N. Mangold, T. Bristow, P. Edwards and G. Berger Space Research Centre, University of Leicester, UK [email protected]. Open University, Milton Keynes, UK. McGill University, Montreal, Canada.Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS, 45071 Orléans France. Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87544, USA. Labor...

In glassy isopentane at 77 K, 1-phenyl-4-(4-pyridyl)-cis-1,cis-3-butadiene (cc-PPyB) and 1-phenyl-4-(4-pyridyl)-cis-1,trans-3-butadiene (ct-PPyB) can undergo simultaneous two-bond photoisomerization. Under the same conditions, 1-phenyl-4-(4-pyridyl)-trans-1,cis-3-butadiene (tc-PPyB) gives tt-PPyB, the ultimate photoproduct in all cases.

Adenovirus (AdV), enterovirus (EV), genogroup A rotaviruses (GARV) and Torque teno virus (TTV) are non-enveloped viral agents excreted in feces and so may contaminate water bodies. In the present study, the molecular detection of these viruses was performed in samples of surface water collected from the Arroio Dilúvio, a waterstream that crosses the city of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, receiving g...

We present an analytic method to efficiently calculate the torque constant and cogging torque of a hybrid stepping motor. The feature of the proposed method is its computational efficiency in that it is a useful tool for the motor design which is aimed at reducing the level of cogging torque or increasing the torque constant. This method is verified by comparing with the 3D finite element metho...

BACKGROUND Lower extremity torque steadiness has been shown to be an independent predictor of functional performance in older women. Hip muscle function is crucial for many types of activities of daily living, yet existing studies investigating torque steadiness for lower extremities are limited to assessing steadiness at the knee and ankle. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare ...

Here, we report three complete genome sequences of porcine torque teno virus type I (TTV1) which were obtained from swine tissues and sera from southern China through routine and nested PCR amplification and characterized together with other genome sequences already deposited in GenBank. The results showed that the TTV1 sequences were highly divergent and could be divided into 1a and 1b subtypes.