نتایج جستجو برای: top of atmosphere

تعداد نتایج: 21174655  

Journal: :Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 2022

Abstract. Under the GOES-R activity, new algorithms are being developed at National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/Center for Satellite Applications Research (STAR) to derive surface top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) shortwave (SW) radiative fluxes from Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI), primary instrument on GOES-R. This paper describes a support effort in development evaluation of ABI c...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد - پژوهشکده ادبیات 1393

1.0 overview it seems that grammar plays a crucial role in the area of second and foreign language learning and widely has been acknowledged in grammar research. in other words, teaching grammar is an issue which has attracted much attention to itself, and a lot of teachers argue about the existence of grammar in language teaching and learning. this issue will remind us a famous sentence f...

2008
M. Füllekrug

The Earth’s atmosphere is a large scale laboratory to study particles. Particles from stellar processes impinge on the top of the Earth’s atmosphere and propagate downward. Particles from discharge processes at the bottom of the atmosphere propagate upwards into near-Earth space. The acceleration of both particle populations in the Earth’s atmosphere produces electromagnetic radiation which is ...

رحیمی, ماریه, شریف, عاطفه,

Purpose: This research aims to examine the role of top managers in employees’ reading behavior. Methodology: This is a survey of reading behavior. Data was gathered by means of a questionnaire prepared for the purpose of this study. Also, 10 of the top managers of Iran’s province of Khorasan Razavi have been interviewed. The questionnaire was distributed to a group of target 113 managers. They...

2012
Kohei Arai

Monte Carlo Ray Tracing: MCRT based sensitivity analysis of the geophysical parameters (the atmosphere and the ocean) on Top of the Atmosphere: TOA radiance in visible to near infrared wavelength regions is conducted. As the results, it is confirmed that the influence due to the atmosphere is greater than that of the ocean. Scattering and absorption due to aerosol particles and molecules in the...

Journal: :Remote Sensing of Environment 2022

The top-of-atmosphere (TOA) albedo, a key component of the earth's energy balance, can be monitored regularly by satellite observations. Compared to previous study Song et al. (2018), this paper estimates TOA albedo directly linking Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) narrowband reflectance with broadband determined NASA's Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) instead Mo...

Journal: :Applied optics 1994
K Ding H R Gordon

We investigate the influence of the curvature of the Earth on a proposed atmospheric-correction scheme for the Sea-Viewing Wide-Field-of-View Sensor (SeaWiFS) by simulating the radiance exiting the top of a spherical-shell atmosphere and inserting the result into the proposed correction algorithm. The error in the derived water-leaving reflectance suggests that the effects of the curvature are ...

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