BACKGROUND Digit sucking, tongue thrust swallowing, and mouth breathing are potential risk factors for development of malocclusion. The purpose of this study was to verify the prevalence of different occlusal traits among 5-7-year-old children and assess their relationship with oral habits. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 503 pre-school children (260 boys and 243 girls) with a mean ag...

background: since the earliest days of medicine, the tongue has been considered a good reflection of systemic disease. hip­pocrates, galen and others considered the tongue to be barometer of health. in addition, the early diagnose of tongue le­sions help to recognize the some systemic diseases. the purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different mor­phological variations (anom...

Uke most other specialty areas, orthodontics has a rich professional literature containing disagreement and debate on a number of topics. One area of controversy since the inception of orthodontics in the late 1800s is the relationship between tongue functions and the development of malocclusions. Many orthodontists continue to believe strongly that tongue functions cause certain types of maloc...

Human swallowing represents a complex highly coordinated sensorimotor function whose functional neuroanatomy remains incompletely understood. Specifically, previous studies have failed to delineate the temporo-spatial sequence of those cerebral loci active during the differing phases of swallowing. We therefore sought to define the temporal characteristics of cortical activity associated with h...

Because of their multifactorial etiologies, dental and skeletal open bites are among the most difficult malocclusions to treat to a successful and stable result. Etiologic factors include vertical maxillary excess, skeletal pattern, abnormalities in dental eruption, and tongue-thrust problems. The purpose of this article was to report the treatment of an adult patient with a lateral open bite a...

An adult male patient who had lost his maxillary left central incisor seven years ago in a traffic accident presented with a chief complaint about his unaesthetic appearance associated with the loss of his maxillary left central incisor space, a Class III molar occlusion, and an anterior open bite malocclusion due to tongue-thrust swallowing. Fixed orthodontic treatment was rendered following f...

thrust a stick at her private parts, one thrust causing the stick to enter and lacerate the anus. This scene was witnessed by the unfortunate woman's mother, who informed one of her sons, Godie, of what had happened. He (as also a chowkedar) saw liis sister lying down dead. On the police investigating the case the day after, the Inspector found the body " hanging in such a position as the decea...