In the plant genetic transformation process, single selection by a chemical-resistant marker gene occasionally allows proliferation of non-transgenic cells, escaping pressure. The additional use visual is effective for accurate selection. For instance, R2R3-MYB genes are used regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis; however, constitutive Myb expression in transgenic plants not always desirable and ...

In this experiment, the action mechanism of gene Ssc1 was studied in process interaction with plants through heterologous expression, subcellular localization and fluorescent PCR technology. It found that could enhance pathogenicity Botrytis cinerea expression. Fusing promoter, SP CTP GFP expressing tobacco, it fusion protein be secreted into plant cells located chloroplasts. Trypan blue staini...

Recombinase encoded by the R gene of pSR1 of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii mediates reciprocal recombination between two specific recombination sites (RSs) to induce excision or inversion of the DNA segment that is flanked by the RSs. We report here that site-specific recombination mediated by this system takes place effeciently in tobacco cells. To monitor the recombination events in tobacco cells,...

The toxicities and oxidative stress-inducing actions of (-)-nicotine and smokeless tobacco extract (STE), containing equivalent amounts of nicotine, were studied. Toxicities were determined by colony formation assays using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Results indicated that nicotine is less toxic than smokeless tobacco extract that contained the same amount of nicotine. The generation of ...

An unexpected observation among the COVID-19 pandemic is that smokers constituted only 1.4%–18.5% of hospitalized adults, calling for an urgent investigation to determine role smoking in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we show cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) increase ACE2 mRNA but trigger protein catabolism. BaP induces aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent upr...

Chronic exposure to tobacco smoke leads to an increase in the frequency of infections and in the number of CD8(+) and CD4(+) cells as well as the CD4(+) chemoattractant cytokine IL-16 in the airways. Here, we investigated whether tobacco smoke depletes intracellular IL-16 protein and inhibits de novo production of IL-16 in CD8(+) cells from human airways and blood while increasing extracellular...

The chemical and physical characteristics of Cd-binding peptides isolated from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaves and suspension-cultured tobacco cells were determined and compared with properties of rat liver Cd,Zn-thionein. Some emphasis was placed on metal-binding and specificity properties. Cd-peptides of apparent Mr 6000 and 2000 were induced in tobacco leaves by growth of plants with 90 m...