TNF-α plays a crucial role in psoriasis; therefore, TNF inhibition has become a gold standard for the treatment of psoriasis. TNF-α is processed from a membrane-bound form by TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE) to soluble form, which exerts a number of biological activities. EGF receptor (EGFR) ligands, including heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), amphiregulin and transforming growth f...

Thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF) is characterized by ectopic bone formation in the ligamentum flavum and is considered to be a leading cause of thoracic spinal canal stenosis and myelopathy. However, the underlying etiology is not well understood. An iTRAQ proteomics was used to reveal the involvement of inflammation factors in TOLF. TNF-α is a pro-inflammatory cytokine imp...

The number of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affected patients is increasing without any effective cure and the etiology remains to be understood. Inflammations, oxidative stress, Aβ, tauopathy are associated factors AD. Sodium butyrate (NaB) an HDAC inhibitor profoundly found neuroprotective. We have investigated neuroprotective effects NaB in SH-SY5Y cells stimulated with TNF-α/Aβ LPS-induced BV-2 ...

An inadequate supply of oxygen in the brain may lead to an inflammatory response through neuronal and glial cells that can result in neuronal damage. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a proinflammatory cytokine that is released during acute hypoxia and can have neurotoxic or neuroprotective effects in the brain. Both TNF-α and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) have been shown by a number of research grou...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Individuals being treated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors are at increased risk of developing tuberculosis (TB). We determined the clinical characteristics and treatment response of patients who developed TB after using TNF-α inhibitors. METHODS Patients with TB detected within 12 months of the initiation of TNF-α inhibitor treatment were included, if seen from J...

The aim of the present work was to investigate in Caco-2 cells whether eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, could block the inhibitory effect of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) on sugar transport, and identify the intracellular signaling pathways involved. After pre-incubation of the Caco-2 cells with TNF-α and EPA for 1 hr, EPA prevented the inhibitory effect of ...

Cardiomyocyte tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) production contributes to myocardial depression during sepsis. This study was designed to observe the effect of norepinephrine (NE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiomyocyte TNF-α expression and to further investigate the underlying mechanisms in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and endotoxaemic mice. In cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, NE ...

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) plays an important role in liver inflammation. CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40-CD40L) is a key receptor–ligand signaling pair involved the adaptive immune response and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. In mice, CD40 activation leads to sickness behavior syndrome (SBS) comprising weight loss, sleep disruption depression, which can be blocked by administration TNF-in...

Diet-induced obesity (DIO) is considered the main risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Increases in plasma levels of tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α) associated with DIO. Etanercept, a TNF-α inhibitor, has been shown to alleviate cardiac hypertrophy. To investigate effect etanercept on fibrosis DIO model, rats high fat diet (HFD) were subdivided into two groups: group and vehicle group. Cardiac...

background: herbal medicines have been used since ancient times for treatment of a range of diseases and have represented stimulatory effects on the function of innate immunity. objective: to evaluate the effects of zataria multiflora (z. multiflora) on the function of innate immunity including phagocytic activity and tnf-α secretion in animal model. methods: eight balb/c mice were divided into...