in this paper, absorbing markov chain models are developed to determine the optimum process mean levels for both a single-stage and a serial two-stage production system in which items are inspected for conformity with their specification limits. when the value of the quality characteristic of an item falls below a lower limit, the item is scrapped. if it falls above an upper limit, the item is ...

We present improved numerical approximations to the exact Poissonian confidence limits for small numbers n of observed events following the approach of Gehrels (1986). Analytic descriptions of all parameters used in the approximations are provided to allow their straightforward inclusion in computer algorithms for processing of large data sets. Our estimates of the upper (lower) Poisson confide...

We discuss the construction of asymptotic simultaneous upper confidence limits that jointly bound relative risks formed by comparing several treatments to a control. Motivated by a vaccine study, we investigate the performance of several methods under such settings. Inverting the minimum of score statistics, together with estimating the correlation matrix of these statistics under the null give...

Abstract: In many practical systems, limit cycles can be predicted with suitable precision by frequency domain methods using describing functions. Within such an approach, limit cycles can be predicted using the “eigenvalue method” [7]. This contribution presents a novel and advantageous implementation of this method, using singular value instead of eigenvalue calculations, and enhancing comput...

1 Problem Discuss the momentum (mechanical, field, and total) of an e+e− pair in the classical limit, supposing the particles move in a circle at opposite ends of a diameter. Take into account that the electron and positron have rest mass me, electric charge of magnitude e and magnetic moments of approximate magnitude eh̄/2mec (in Gaussian units), where h̄ is Planck’s constant divided by 2π, and ...

The authors present algorithms to compute the confidence interval for a Poisson parameter (lambda) and the p value for testing the hypothesis that lambda is equal to a constant, which can be used to make inferences about the standardized mortality ratio and the standardized incidence ratio. The p value and confidence interval always agree, despite the discrete nature of the Poisson distribution...

BACKGROUND The CONSORT statement requires clinical trials to report confidence intervals, which help to assess the precision and clinical importance of the treatment effect. Conventional sample size calculations for clinical trials, however, only consider issues of statistical significance (that is, significance level and power). METHOD A more consistent approach is proposed whereby sample si...

BACKGROUND Recently, several adaptive one-arm two-stage designs have been developed by fully using the information from previous stages to reduce the expected sample size in clinical trials with binary endpoints as primary outcome. It is important to compute exact confidence limits for these studies. METHODS In this article, we propose three new one-sided limits by ordering the sample space b...