watermelon is handled and stored in bulk package as some other fruits and vegetables are. package height must be so appropriately selected that bottom fruit layers will receive no damage or failure. this research was performed to determine and compare the mechanical properties of two varieties in three sizes of watermelon under static load conditions to obtain parameters used in transportation ...

abstractbackground: although electronic portal imaging devices (epids) have originally developed for positioning verification, they can also be used for dosimetric purposes. in the current work, the dose response of minimum detectable thickness of a scanning liquid filled ion chamber epid, slic-epid, and the variation of transmitted dose with the shift of inhomogeneity inside of phantom was als...

present paper is devoted to stress and deformation analyses of heated variable thickness functionally graded (fg) circular plate with clamped supported, embedded on a gradient elastic foundation and subjected to non-uniform transverse load. the plate is coupled by an elastic medium which is simulated as a winkler- pasternak foundation with gradient coefficients in the radial and circumferential...

Through-thickness stress self-sensing in a quasi-isotropic carbon fiber epoxy–matrix composite by in-plane electrical resistance measurement is effective. The resistance decreases reversibly upon through-thickness compression conducted up to 67 MPa, due to an increase in the proximity between adjacent laminae. The sensing can be attained by measuring the surface resistance in the direction of t...

Roll forming process is used for manufacturing sheet metal parts by successive bending and creating the final shape with gradual deformation. In this article, deformation of a pre-punched sheet due to the roll forming process was studied. Two main defects in the roll forming process are ovality of holes and bow defect. The ovality of the hole is influenced by the process parameters including sh...

in this article, thermal stability of beams made of functionally graded material (fgm) is considered. the derivations of equations are based on the one-dimensional theory of elasticity. the material properties vary continuously through the thickness direction. tanigawa's model for the variation of poisson's ratio, the modulus of shear stress, and the coefcient of thermal expansion is...

Cf = skin-friction coefficient f = frequency fs = frequency of shock motion J = Jacobian matrix of the grid transformation Lsep = separation length M = freestream Mach number p = pressure Re = Reynolds number based on Re = Reynolds number based on Re = Reynolds number based on Sij = rate-of-strain tensor SL = dimensionless frequency of shock motion based on Lsep and U1 T = temperature u = veloc...

Epitaxial CrO 2 thin films deposited on HF-cleaned TiO 2 (100) substrates exhibit very strong strain anisotropy, while those grown without the HF treatment step are essentially strain-free and display bulk-like magnetic properties. The HF treatment enhances the surface smoothness of the TiO 2 (100) substrate thus leading to the growth of epitaxially strained CrO 2 films. The magnetic easy axis ...