There are three parts to this article. The first is a very brief sketch of the historical development of numerical notations and arithmetic operations on them. Like many such sketches it reinterprets many features of this development and omits most of them. It corresponds to the sort of folk history that St. Luke may have depended on as he tried to write a seamless biography of an individual wh...

The focus of this study is to investigate the comparative effect of teaching grammar through interpretation tasks and pictorial clues on EFL learners’ writing accuracy. The participants were 60 female intermediate EFL learners with age range of 21-35 who were divided into two experimental groups after being homogenized by a piloted PET test. In the piloted researcher-made pre-test, the research...

Phillip Roth's Pulitzer Prize-winning novel, American Pastoral, characterizes Seymour Irving Levov as a tragic hero of Adam with unique narrative techniques. The novelist-narrator Zuckerman adds metafictional features to the realistic narration story Swede and varies distance in novel. This article discusses effects on characterization Levov. It argues that dynamic change novel at first mytholo...

qumian hadith narrators in early third century played a major role in transmitting hadith legacy of kufa to this city. in addition to narration, classification, and explanation of hadiths, rereading qumian hadith narrators’ criteria for accepting and narrating hadiths is of great significance. muhammad b. khalid al-barqi is among outstanding scholars of that era who corrected and developed the ...

This study investigated the effectiveness of various types of worked-out examples used in pre-training to optimize the cognitive load and enhance learners’ comprehension of the content in an animation-based learning environment. An animation-based learning environment was developed specifically for this study. The participants were divided into four groups; each group was provided with a differ...

in this research, it has bec : tried to survey the short narration of ibrahim adham repentence being selected from four major mystical texts. at first each text has been divided into a few statements. then based on different codes, they have been classified. after a comparison through the narrative structure framework, their narrative characteristics have been found out. in fact, a scientific n...

The paper is analyzing how people in late modern society characterized by detraditionalization, use moving images as a cultural resource for the construction of meaningful subjective world views. As a theoretical concept with several dimensions, “sacralization of the self” (Woodhead & Heelas 2000: 344), is related to media theory. With a critical focus on ‘the self’, as a core aspect in contemp...

The multimedia design of presentations typically ignores that younger and older adults have varying cognitive strengths and weaknesses. We examined whether differential instructional design may enhance learning in these populations. Younger and older participants viewed one of three computer-based presentations: Audio only (narration), Redundant (audio narration with redundant text), or Complem...