A coarse-grained version of the effective action is used to study the thermodynamics of black holes, interpolating from largest to smallest masses. The physical parameters of the black hole are linked to the running couplings by thermodynamics, and the corresponding equation of state includes quantum corrections for temperature, specific heat, and entropy. If quantum gravity becomes asymptotica...

Thermodynamics second law and ω = −1 crossing(s) in interacting holographic dark energy model Abstract By the assumption that the thermodynamics second law is valid, we study the possibility of ω = −1 crossing in an interacting holographic dark energy model. Depending on the choice of the horizon and the interaction, the transition from quintessence to phantom regime and subsequently from phant...

A new approach to study the thermodynamics of salt-protein interaction is described using a protein-ligand binding system. The effects of salts on the thermodynamics of association or dissociation of the ligand are related to the effect on the hydrophobic side chains on the interior of the protein by these salts. The calculated free energies of transfer of a methylene group from an interior of ...

This paper reviews how ideas have evolved in this field from the pioneering work of CARNOT right up to the present. The coupling of thermostatics with thermokinetics (heat and mass transfers) and entropy or exergy analysis is illustrated through study of thermomechanical engines such as the Carnot heat engine, and internal combustion engines. The benefits and importance of stagnation temperatur...

     Most of the biological phenomena are influenced by intermolecular recognition and interaction. Thus, understanding the thermodynamics of biomacromolecule ligand interaction is a very interesting area in biochemistry and biotechnology. One of the most powerful techniques to obtain precise information about the energetics of (bio) molecules binding to other biological macromolecules is isoth...

The Brownian motion of a harmonically bound quantum particle and coupled to a harmonic quantum bath is exactly solvable. At low enough temperatures the stationary state is non-Gibbsian due to an entanglement with the bath. This happens when a cloud of bath modes around the particle is formed. Equilibrium thermodynamics for particle plus bath together, does not imply standard thermodynamics for ...

Prediction of RNA secondary structure is a fundamental problem in computational structural biology. For several decades, free energy minimization has been the most popular method for prediction from a single sequence. In recent years, the McCaskill algorithm for computation of partition function and base-pair probabilities has become increasingly appreciated. This paradigm-shifting work has ins...

Lee-Yang zeros are points on the complex plane of physical parameters where the partition function of a system vanishes and hence the free energy diverges. Lee-Yang zeros are ubiquitous in many-body systems and fully characterize their thermodynamics. Notwithstanding their fundamental importance, Lee-Yang zeros have never been observed in experiments, due to the intrinsic difficulty that they w...

Methods from scattering theory are introduced to analyze random Schrödinger operators in one dimension by applying a volume cutoff to the potential. The key ingredient is the Lifshitz-Krein spectral shift function, which is related to the scattering phase by the theorem of Birman and Krein. The spectral shift density is defined as the " thermodynamic limit " of the spectral shift function per u...

The method given earlier for predicting the thermodynamics of protein unfolding from the x-ray structure of a protein is applied here to the poly(L-alanine) helix. First, the fitting parameters derived earlier from a data base of 10 proteins were used to predict the unfolding thermodynamics of 4 other proteins. The agreement between the observed and predicted values is comparable to that found ...