classical xerogels are robust, inexpensive and nontoxic materials with low-ordered nanoporous structures. in water streams where the ph is higher than the point of zero charge, the surface of classical xerogels such as tetraethoxy orthosilan (teos) xerogel is negatively charged. it was assumed that a xerogel can work as a strong adsorbent for metal ions without further modification. therefore, ...

Thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of interfacial decohesion are analyzed for a uniformly stressed interface in the presence of an embrittling impurity. During the interfacial separation, the impurity penetrates into the interface and reduces it cohesion. Rice (1976) and Hirth and Rice (1980) analyzed the thermodynamics of this process in great detail with emphasis on the limiting cases of infin...

Naturally occurring fats are multi-component mixtures of triacylglycerols (TAGs), which are triesters of fatty acids with glycerol, and of which there are many chemically distinct compounds. Due to the importance of fats to the food and consumer products industries, fat crystallization has been studied for many years and many intricate features of TAG interactions, complicated by polymorphism, ...

It is well known that certain materials show a granular structure in their surfaces, with hills of several heights and lateral extensions. Thermodynamic and kinetic determine how the film surface develops. Thermodynamic dictates the growing process, layer by layer, islanding or by a mixed mechanism. Kinetic plays an equally important role since island nucleation and growth is controlled by surf...

expanded graphite nanosheets (eg-nanosheets) were used for adsorption of malachite green (mg) from aqueous solution. the influences of dye concentrations, absorbent dosage, ph values and the temperatures on the adsorption were investigated as well. the dye adsorption experiments were carried out by utilizing batch procedure. eg-nanosheets were initially characterized by scanning electron micros...

Thermodynamic studies of equilibrium chemical reactions linked with kinetic procedures are mostly impossible by traditional approaches. In this work, the new concept of generalized kinetic study of thermodynamic parameters is introduced for dynamic data. The examples of equilibria intertwined with kinetic chemical mechanisms include molecular charge transfer complex formation reactions, pH-depe...