Heat transfer is one of the most critical processes in the industry, and by increasing the efficiency of the heat exchanger, energy consumption of systems will be reduced. Very tiny particles in nanoscale dimensions, when uniformly dispersed and stably suspended in the base fluid, efficiently improve the thermal properties of the base fluid. With the help of nanofluids, the heat transfer rate i...

We develop a steady-state analytical and numerical model of the optical response of power-recycled Fabry– Perot Michelson laser gravitational-wave detectors to nonlinear thermal focusing in optical substrates. We assume that the thermal distortions are small enough that we can represent all intracavity fields as linear combinations of basis functions derived from the eigenmodes of a Fabry–Perot...

In this paper the interaction of attosecond laser pulses with matter is investigated. The scattering and potential motion of heat carriers as well as the external force are considered. Depending on the ratio of the scatterings and potential motion the heat transport is described by the thermal forced Klein-Gordon or thermal modified telegraph equation. For thermal Heisenberg type relation V τ ∼...

this paper presents the thermal vibration analysis of double-layer graphene sheet embedded in polymer elastic medium, using the plate theory and nonlocal continuum mechanics for small scale effects. the graphene is modeled based on continuum plate theory and the axial stress caused by the thermal effects is also considered. nonlocal governing equations of motion for this double-layer graphene s...

Optically stimulated Lock-in thermography (OLT) which is an active thermography technique for NDT is based on propagation and reflection of thermal waves which are launched from the surface into the inspected component by absorption of modulated radiation. Phase angle images obtained by superposition of the initial thermal wave and its internal reflection display hidden thermal structures down ...

In thermoacoustic scattering the scattered field consists of a propagating acoustic wave together with a non-progagational “thermal” wave of much shorter wavelength. Although the scattered field may be obtained from a Rayleigh expansion, in cases where the particle radius is small compared with the acoustic wave length, these solutions are ill-conditioned. For this reason asymptotic or perturba...

The thermal spin-wave distribution in a Ni81Fe19 stripe with an asymmetric transverse domain wall has been investigated using Brillouin light scattering microscopy. Clear evidence has been found that the existence of the domain wall influences the spin-wave distribution of the thermal modes. The thermal spinwave modes in the Ni81Fe19 structures, which are quantized due to the confinement in rad...

In recent years plasma-sprayed coatings and polymer coatings have found wide application in manufacturing. Although the quality of the coatings improved over the years, there is a need for reliable NDE techniques to assess the quality and test the integrity of these coatings. Most existing techniques are not suitable for real-time applications. The introduction of synchronous thermal wave video...

Large-wave-vector phonons have an important role in determining the thermal and electronic properties of nanoscale materials. The small volumes of such structures, however, have posed significant challenges to experimental studies of the phonon dispersion. We show that synchrotron x-ray thermal diffuse scattering can be adapted to probe phonons with wave vectors spanning the entire Brillouin zo...