An experimental steam distillation unit has been designed, built, and tested for the extraction of essential oils from peppermint and spearmint. The unit, using a 130-gal (510-liter) distillation tank, is intermediate in size between laboratoryscale extractors and commercial-sized distilleries, yet provides oil in sufficient quantity for industrial evaluation. The entire apparatus-a dieselfuel-...

The significant growth of industry in the second half 20th century led to a number problems, one most important problems is protection environment from pollution. main source air pollution heat and power generating plants, which are based on combustion processes. largest pollutant thermal burn large volume fossil fuel form corresponding amount toxic substances, particular nitrogen sulfur oxides...

We report our ten-year experience of hyperchlorination, thermal shock, chlorine dioxide, monochloramine, boilers and point-of-use filters for controlling legionella contamination in a hospital hot water distribution system. Shock disinfections were associated with a return to pre-treatment contamination levels within one or two months. We found that chlorine dioxide successfully maintained leve...

ABSTRACT: System or process identification is a mathematical modeling of systems (processes) from test or experimental data. Process models obtained from identification process can be used for process simulation, analysis, design of safety systems and control systems for the process. This paper presents the Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) modeling of 210MW Industrial Coal Fired Boiler which is c...

The ORC technology in cogenerative systems has by now reached a level of full maturity in biomass applications. In Europe, there are over 120 plants in operation with sizes between 0.2 and 2.5 MW electric. ORC systems are very flexible and can be used in different applications like district heating systems, pellet production factories, sawmills and tri-generation systems with absorption chiller...

In this research, feasibility study of integrating thermal desalination unit with Gas Turbine (GT) has been investigated using retrofit and grass root design techniques  for Lavan Island Oil Refinery which is located in Persian Gulf. According to computed parameters on developed code for the power generation unit No.1 using EES (Engineering Equation Solver) software, thermal efficiency of t...

This paper presents recent operating results of Coal Tech s second generation, air cooled, slagging coal combustor, and its application to power plants in the 1 to 20 MW range. This 20 MMBtu/hour combustor was installed in a new demonstration plant in Philadelphia, PA in 1995. It contains the combustion components of a 1 MWe coal fired power plant, a 17,500 lb/hour steam boiler, coal storage an...

Emission samples were obtained from two medium-sized power plants, one fired with oil and the other with pulverized coal. Particles obtained by a miniscale plume stack gas sampler (MIPSGAS), simulating the dilution process in the plume, were subjected to detailed physical, chemical and biological characterization. Studies by scanning electron microscopy and by Coulter counter demonstrated that ...

The Brazilians educational institutions need a large energy demand for the operation of laundries, restaurants and accommodation of students. Much of that energy comes from steam generated in boilers with wood fuel. The laboral activity in boiler may present problems for the operator's health due to exposure to excessive heat, and its operation has a high degree of risk. This paper describes an...