in order to assess the presence or absence of fluids under peak metamorphic conditions within the inner aureole of the etive igneous complex in west scotland, eight suitable metabasic hornfels samples and one suitable pelitic hornfels were used to calculate water activities using a mineral equilibria. calculated activities for water are lower than unity in the pelitic sample and extremely low i...

Between the western and the eastern parts of the southern Alaskan Sanak–Baranof belt there exist variations in pluton spacing, geochronology, geochemistry and metamorphism. All such characteristics can be explained by increase in heat flux towards the eastern parts of the belt. Despite such differences, the initiation of magmatism propagated eastward at a constant rate of 19 cm/year throughout ...

The San Emigdio and related Pelona, Orocopia, Rand and Sierra de Salinas schists of southern California were underplated beneath the southern Sierra Nevada batholith and adjacent southern California batholith along a shallow segment of the subducting Farallon plate in Late Cretaceous to early Tertiary time. These subduction accretion assemblages represent a regional, deeply exhumed, shallowly d...

Of critical importance to avalanche forecasting is the ability to draw meaningful conclusions from potentially only a small handful of field observations. With this in mind, our research focuses on the development of a new field metric for estimating the likelihood and rate at which new ice crystal growth and kinetic snow metamorphism may be occurring on or near a buried ice lens or crust that ...

We examined the spectral reflectance properties of 16 CO-type carbonaceous chondrites (CCs) in order to better understand their range of spectral properties, develop spectral–compositional correlations, and provide information that may aid in the search for CO parent bodies. As a group, our CO powder spectra have some similarities and differences. COs have experienced varying degree of thermal ...

Introduction: CK chondrites are the only group of carbona-ceous chondrites with petrographic types ranging from 3 to 6 [1]. There might be a continuous series from oxidized CVs to CKs [2, 3]. One of the peculiarities of CK chondrites from petrologi-cal type 3 to 5 is the texture of their matrices, with numerous mi-cron-sized vacuoles and inclusions inside the olivine grains [4, 5]. Porous olivi...

In continental arcs the extension of geothermal gradients derived from shallow crustal levels to depth predicts widespread melting at pressures that are inconsistent with seismic studies. Numerical models of low-pressure metamorphism in continental arcs suggest that these extrapolations are problematic because magmatic advection is the dominant mechanism of heat transport in these terranes rath...