the ninth constitution of afghanistan (1382 /2003) was ratified according to the bone agreement and with a democratic orientation. this paper compares the principles of this constitution with principles of two models of liberal democracy. for this purpose, five indexes have been used for our analysis: the view on man, the notion of right, political system, democracy, and the process for the act...

This paper is an academic reflection on the Activity Theoretical Iterative Evaluation Method (ATIEM). ATIEM is based on Activity Theory (AT), and aims to concretise the abstract concepts of AT into a practical method for evaluation that can be applied by IS practitioners without requiring in-depth knowledge of the theory. We describe how the method was developed, its links to AT, and the applic...

The paper evaluates the theoretical literature on public pension schemes. First, the terms pay-as-you-go and capital reserve are made precise. These two systems are then compared, followed by a consideration of their efficiency properties. Thereafter conversion policies are discussed. JEL-Classification: H21, H55

Offloading of cellular traffic through a wireless local area network (WLAN) is theoretically evaluated. First, empirical data sets of the locations of WLAN internet access points are analyzed and an inhomogeneous Poisson process consisting of high, normal, and low density regions is proposed as a spatial point process model for these configurations. Second, performance metrics, such as mean ava...

Apraxia is traditionally defined as a disorder of skilled movement that cannot be attributed to elementary sensorimotor deficit, aphasia or severe mental deterioration (De Renzi, 1989). This negative definition has led to integrate within the same framework a multitude of relatively different clinical manifestations, which have little in common with the kind of deficits to which it was original...

The simulation of the business and manufacturing processes plays an essential role in modern scientific research and decision-making in management. However, this simulation, especially its output performance measures, can be very tricky because these simulations depend on the calculations of particular simulation software. The objective of this paper is to confront the average values of perform...

Land evaluation is the process of predicting the use potential of land on the basis of its attributes. A variety of analytical models can be used in these predictions, ranging from qualitative to quantitative, functional to mechanistic, and specific to general. This paper classifies land evaluation models by how they take time and space into account, and whether they use land qualities as an in...

In recent years, many new backtracking algorithms for solving constraint satisfaction problems have been proposed. The algorithms are usually evaluated by empirical testing. This method, however, has its limitations. Our paper adopts a different, purely theoretical approach, which is based on characterizations of the sets of search tree nodes visited by the backtracking algorithms. A notion of ...

Efficient construction of the suffix tree given an input text is an active area of research from the time it was first introduced. Both theoretical computer scientists and engineers tackled the problem. In this paper we focus on the fastest practical suffix tree construction algorithm to date, ERA. We first provide a theoretical analysis of the algorithm assuming the uniformly random text as an...