Localization of bicoid mRNA to the anterior of the Drosophila oocyte is essential for patterning the anteroposterior body axis in the early embryo. bicoid mRNA localizes in a complex multistep process involving transacting factors, molecular motors and cytoskeletal components that remodel extensively during the lifetime of the mRNA. Genetic requirements for several localization factors, includi...

BACKGROUND Past research has suggested that medical diagnosis and trach cuff conditions may contribute to swallow physiology changes in patients with tracheostomy. This study attempts to investigate the differences in swallow physiology between patients with trach cuff-inflated and trach cuff-deflated conditions with respect to four medical diagnostic categories: neuromuscular disorder, head an...

This study aims to determine the growth rate of Daphnia magna with different organic fertilizers. research is an experimental using CRD (completely randomized design) 3 treatments (p) and replications (u). The fertilizer applied daphnia culture media were: P0 = Control, P1 Cow dung, P2 Swallow Manure, P3 Chicken Manure. Parameters measured included specific rate, population density daphnia. Dat...

This article is the second in a series of evidence-based systematic reviews. Data reported cover the impact of dysphagia behavioral interventions on swallow physiology in healthy adults. The behavioral treatments investigated were three postural interventions--side lying, chin tuck, and head rotation--and four swallowing maneuvers--effortful swallow, the Mendelsohn maneuver, supraglottic swallo...

OBJECTIVE Dysphagia is the main cause of aspiration pneumonia and death in Parkinson disease (PD) with no established restorative behavioral treatment to date. Reduced swallow safety may be related to decreased elevation and excursion of the hyolaryngeal complex. Increased submental muscle force generation has been associated with expiratory muscle strength training (EMST) and subsequent increa...

OBJECTIVE The pharyngeal phase of swallow has been thought to be a stereotypical motor behavior. STUDY DESIGN This is a prospective, preclinical, hypothesis driven, one group by three-task design. METHODS We sought to compare the effects of pharyngeal swabbing, water only, and water plus punctate mechanical stimulation on the spatiotemporal features of the pharyngeal phase of swallow in the...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS This study explores whether changes in voice- and swallow-related QoL are associated with progression of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). Furthermore, it examines the relationship between patients' perception of both voice and swallowing disorders in IPD. STUDY DESIGN Prospective clinical study, quality of life (QoL). METHODS One-hundred mentally competent IPD pat...