iran  budgeting  structure  and concepts  have  changed  since  200 i .these changes  embrace  the  items  such  as  ,   concepts  of revenues  ,   expenses  , capital   assets   as  well   as   financial   assets   ,    which   resulted    in  more information  transparency .   as a results  the government  budget  is  drawn up  as  such  of an  economic   firm's  budget.  structural  ref...

This paper analyses current trends in information management, considers the problems they involve, and suggests some strategies for tackling these problems. The current goal is integrated, personalised information systems, to be reached via artificial intelligence. The argument is that the extent to which this goal can be achieved is limited because these systems are intrinsically heterogeneous...

AN INCREASING NUMBER OF babies are being born using donated sperm, where the resulting child is genetically related to the mother but not to the father who raises the child. This chapter discusses a tendency towards secrecy among parents of donorconceived children, and developments in law and practice designed to ensure children born through donated sperm know how they were conceived and have a...

• Mobility and the Internet are the drivers • Work is no longer a place—it is wherever you need to be • Mobile access to information and services solves real business problems and will improve the quality of life • Solutions which enable mobility are available today • Nokia has the global presence and the key core competencies in mobility and in the enabling technologies required for mobility •...

We prove NP-hardness results for five of Nintendo’s largest video game franchises: Mario, Donkey Kong, Legend of Zelda, Metroid, and Pokémon. Our results apply to Super Mario Bros. 1, 3, Lost Levels, and Super Mario World; Donkey Kong Country 1–3; all Legend of Zelda games except Zelda II: The Adventure of Link; all Metroid games; and all Pokémon role-playing games. For Mario and Donkey Kong, w...

This current study aimed at investigating the effects of gender (male versus female) and age (younger versus older) on consumer ethnocentrism and animosity in Indonesia in regard to eight opposed countries. Based on the ANOVA test, the findings showed that female and young consumers have a higher political and economical animosity; while female and old consumers tend to have higher ethnocent...