One of the most hotly contested legal debates in international intellectual property law today concerns geographical indications (GIs) and appellations of origin (AOOs), referred to herein using the umbrella term “indication of origin” (IO). Central to the debate are two different systems for IOs—the sui generis system of AOOs and the like promoted by IO advocates like the EU (generally civil l...

In 1932 Adie1 described a syndrome in which unilateral accommodation and pupillary contraction were abnormal. It typically was observed in young women with no history or evidence of syphilis and involved a unilateral dilated pupil that was unresponsive to light. He noted that deep tendon reflexes were absent or markedly diminished in these patients. He concluded that it was "a benign disorder s...

If acute rheumatism (by which term I refer only to that affection that is now very generally regarded as a disease sui generis, variously designated as "true rheumatism," "rheu-matic fever," " acute rheumatism," &c.) is an infective disease due to a specific microorganism , it follows that there are portals by which the infecting agent gains entrance to the tissues, and it seems probable that t...

Many believe that objective morality requires a theistic foundation. I maintain that there are sui generis objective ethical facts that do not reduce to natural or supernatural facts. On my view, objective morality does not require an external foundation of any kind. After explaining my view, I defend it against a variety of objections posed by William Wainwright, William Lane Craig, and J. P. ...