BACKGROUND Phorusrhacidae was a clade including middle-sized to giant terrestrial carnivorous birds, known mainly from the Cenozoic of South America, but also occurring in the Plio-Pleistocene of North America and the Eocene of Africa. Previous reports of small phorusrhacids in the Paleogene of Europe have been dismissed as based on non-phorusrhacid material. METHODOLOGY we have re-examined s...

The South China Block is situated in the Eastern Asian margin. Since Neoproterozoic, its tectonic evolution was constrained by successive consumption-closure processes of Paleo-South China, Proto-Tethys, Paleo-Tethys, and Paleo-Pacific oceans. Studies suggest that this block initially formed Neoproterozoic assembly Yangtze Cathaysia blocks following subduction-accretion Ocean. Then after, it ex...

Late Liassic in the Western Tethys has been cradle of Middle and Jurassic diversity corals. This is what revised enhanced taxonomy corals from Pliensbachian Toarcian stages reveals. The current new taxonomic study describes 66 species distributed 41 genera 20 identified families. It includes four genera: Podosmilia n. gen., Tubulosmilia Prismastrea gen. Spongiocoenia gen.; species: Axosmilia am...

Geological evolution of the Indian and Pacific Ocean basins, including the Tethys Sea, is relevant to the evolution and distribution of Indo-Pacific freshwater fishes. Area cladograms derived from phylogenetic analyses of atherinomorph fishes are compared, in part, with those for plant bugs, cicadas and bats. Geologically and biologically composite islands in the Indo-Australian archipelago suc...

the investigated section cropping out in kuh-e-banesh, zagros basin (southern iran) is represented by limestone, cherty beds and marllevels bearing abundant planktonic foraminifers, radiolarian microfaunas, and ammonite imprints. for the first time, well to moderatelypreserved forms of planktonic foraminifera have been extracted from black shale and marls levels. extracted biota was studied wit...

As an important tectonic unit of Eastern Tethyan domain, Sanjiang orogenic belt started from the expansion, subduction, subtraction and closure Paleozoic Paleo-Tethys Ocean, went through opening Neo-Tethys Ocean subduction collision process Indian continent ended in Himalayan comprehensive intracontinental convergence uplift orogeny, forming a giant composite composed several island arc belts s...