نتایج جستجو برای: terrestrial ecosystems
تعداد نتایج: 76121 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Megaherbivores fulfilled a number of important ecological functions in terrestrial ecosystems and behaved as ecological engineers since 300 million years until around 12,000 years ago. These essential ecological functions include opening vegetation cover, selective seed dispersal and nutrient recycling and spreading. Thanks to these effects, megaherbivores change the vegetation structure where ...
Ecologists have greatly advanced our understanding of the processes that regulate trophic structure and dynamics in ecosystems. However, the causes of systematic variation among ecosystems remain controversial and poorly elucidated. Contrasts between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems in particular have inspired much speculation, but only recent empirical quantification. Here, we review evidenc...
Understanding the dynamics and underlying mechanism of carbon exchange between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere is one of the key issues in global change research. In this study, we quantified the carbon fluxes in different terrestrial ecosystems in China, and analyzed their spatial variation and environmental drivers based on the long-term observation data of ChinaFLUX sites and the p...
The characterization and understanding of carbon flows in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems are topics of paramount importance for several disciplines, such as ecology, biogeochemistry, oceanography, and climatology. Scientists have been studying such flows in many diverse ecosystems for decades, and sufficient information is now available to investigate whether any patterns are evident in how...
A number of observational studies indicate that carbon sequestration by terrestrial ecosystems in a world with an atmosphere richer in carbon dioxide and a warmer climate depends on the interactions between the carbon and nitrogen cycles. However, most terrestrial ecosystem models being used in climate-change assessments do not take into account these interactions. Here we explore how carbon/ni...
Terrestrial ecosystems have been largely regarded as plant-dominated land surfaces, with the earliest records appearing in the early Phanerozoic (<550 Ma). Yet the presence of biological components in pre-Phanerozoic rocks, in habitats as different as soils, peats, ponds, lakes, streams, and dune fields, implies a much earlier type of terrestrial ecosystems. Microbes were abundant by ~3,500 Ma ...
Organisms have their own patterns of distribution and biological organizations functioning in the natural system. Community is one of the hierarchies of ecological organizations composed of different species of organisms interacting in space and time. Photosynthesis is the fundamental biological process by which radiant energy is converted to chemical energy and thereby readily becomes availabl...
Organisms have their own patterns of distribution and biological organizations functioning in the natural system. Community is one of the hierarchies of ecological organizations composed of different species of organisms interacting in space and time. Photosynthesis is the fundamental biological process by which radiant energy is converted to chemical energy and thereby readily becomes availabl...
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