Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by weakness in specific muscle groups, especially the ocular and bulbar muscles. Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) presents with ascending paralysis and areflexia, often secondary to an infection. Several theories have been proposed regarding the etiology behind GBS, with many studies pointing to a possible autoimmune cause. If this is ...

Although light microscopic features of muscle are not pathognomonic in most cases of myasthenia gravis (MG), careful examination of neuromuscular junction by electron microscopy (EM) can reveal important clues for this disease. We report here a case of MG confirmed by EM study to emphasize that tissue diagnosis is still the best adjuvant to confirm the diagnosis. An 18-year-old female visited o...

In the elderly, myasthenia gravis (MG) can present with bulbar symptoms, which can be clinically difficult to diagnose from other neurological comorbid conditions. We describe a case of a 75-year-old man who had been previously diagnosed with dysphagia associated with medullary infarction but exhibited aggravation of the dysphagia later on due to a superimposed development of bulbar MG. After r...

INTRODUCTION The association of thymoma with myasthenia gravis (MG) is well known. Thymoma with sarcoidosis however, is very rare. We presented an interesting case with coexisting thymoma, MG and sarcoidosis. CASE PRESENTATION A 59-year-old female patient with a history of sarcoidosis was admitted to the hospital with a one-day history of sudden onset of right-sided partial ptosis and diplopi...

Opsoclonus as a presenting symptom in thymic carcinoma Opsoclonus is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome accompanying some malignant tumours (car-cinoma of the lung, uterus, breast, and neuroblastoma in children). We report a patient with opsoclonus combined with ataxia preceding the diagnosis of thymic carcinoma. A 65 year old man complained of dizziness and difficulties with walking before admissi...

Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous inherited disorders characterized by impaired neuromuscular transmission. Mutations in the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) collagen-like tail subunit gene (COLQ) cause synaptic basal-lamina associated CMS with end-plate AChE deficiency. Here we present the clinical and molecular genetic findings of 22 COLQ-mutant CMS...

BACKGROUND In the investigation of patients with myasthenia gravis, repetitive supramaximal stimulation of an affected peripheral nerve is commonly performed to detect abnormal transmission at the neuromuscular junction. A study was undertaken to determine whether abnormal transmission could similarly be detected during stimulation of the phrenic nerves. METHODS The phrenic nerves were stimul...