Existing evidence of plant phenological change to temperature increase demonstrates that the phenological responsiveness is greater at warmer locations and in early-season plant species. Explanations of these findings are scarce and not settled. Some studies suggest considering phenology as one functional trait within a plant's life history strategy. In this study, we adapt an existing phenolog...

HYPOTHESIS Previous efforts to formulate smart foams composed of mixtures of PNIPAAm, a thermoresponsive uncharged polymer, and surfactants have failed because the surfactant displaces the PNIPAAm from the liquid-air interface, removing the thermal responsiveness. We hypothesized that thermoresponsive foams could be formulated with such a mixture if a charged surfactant were used in order to an...

The trajectory of an animal's growth in early development has been shown to have long-term effects on a range of life-history traits. Although it is known that individual differences in behaviour may also be related to certain life-history traits, the linkage between early growth or development and individual variation in behaviour has received little attention. We used brief temperature manipu...

background: world health organization (who) defines three goals to assess the performance of a health system: the state of health, fairness in financial contribution and responsiveness. we assessed the responsiveness of health system for patients with diabetes in a defined population cohort in tehran, iran. methods: total responsiveness and eight domains (prompt attention, dignity, communicatio...

Recently, the phenomenon of thermal taste, where thermal tasters (TTs) perceive taste sensations from the application of thermal stimuli to the tongue, was described. Thermal taster status (TTS) appears to function as a marker of individual variation in orosensory perception, as TTs are more responsive to prototypical orosensory stimuli and flavor attributes in complex beverages than thermal no...

The threat of predation, and the prey's response, are important drivers of community dynamics. Yet environmental temperature can have a significant effect on predation avoidance techniques such as fast-start performance observed in marine fishes. While it is known that temperature increases can influence performance and behaviour in the short-term, little is known about how species respond to e...

A force, humidity, and temperature-responsive electronic skin is presented by combining piezoelectric zinc oxide (ZnO) poly-N-vinylcaprolactam-co-di(ethylene glycol) divinyl ether hydrogel into core-shell nanostructures using state-of-the-art dry vapor-based techniques. The proposed concept realized with biocompatible materials in a simplified design that delivers multi-stimuli sensitivity high...