Introduction Pavement texture is defined by the irregularities on a pavement surface that deviate from an ideal, perfectly flat surface. As shown in Figure 1, the World Road Association (PIARC) has established standard categories of texture, classified by wavelength. These categories include microtexture (wavelengths up to 0.5 mm), macrotexture (0.5 to 50 mm), megatexture (50 to 500 mm), and ro...

The issue of developing meso-level innovative ecosystems is so urgent due to the tasks creating an autonomous independent economic system in country, working out its own technologies, establishing technological, scientific and industrial independence. urgency also confirmed by results analysis characteristics indicators activity high tech companies. This background as well evaluation effectiven...

Industrial system of economy largely determines its national identity, orientation on innovations, and susceptibility to the development of high-tech industries. There are different points of view on the understanding of the industry as a system. In particular, the industry of the world is reviewed as a «complex, hierarchically organized, polystructural system», as a «set of interrelated elemen...

Some commentators have emphasised the 'structural' difference between construction and other industrial sectors (construction is low tech., one-off, other manufacturing industries can amortize R+D costs over long production runs, etc). Others have considered the organisational aspect of the industry, focussing on issues of discipline specialisation, organisational fragmentation and adversarial ...

We use a specific-factor model to exarnine the conditions under which policymakers are able to increase aggregate production of high-tech goods by production or R&D-subsidies in the short and long-mn. The difficulties for the policy-makers in designing a subsidy scheme that succeeds in expanding aggregate high-tech production involve taking into account the trade-off between resources used in R...

The industrialization of China’s special economic zone in Shenzhen is attributed to a large inflow of foreign investments for low-tech, labor-intensive manufactures. It is also at a comparative advantage for being adjacent in proximity and culture with Hong Kong. As China further opens up to globalization, Shenzhen is recommended to reform its industrial structure according to the strengthening...

Industrial policy is mainly sector based in France, moulding industrial specialization and often promoting “grand projects.” It intended to make use of economies of scale, specifically in technologically sophisticated sectors and has been labelled as High Tech Colbertism. The European unification and the Single Market Programme has to some extent converted European industrial policy to the hori...

The term "INDUSTRY 4.0" or "fourth industrial revolution" was first introduced at the fair in 2011 in Hannover. It comes from the high-tech strategy of the German Federal Government that promotes automation-computerization to complete smart automation, meaning the introduction of a method of self-automation, self-configuration, self-diagnosing and fixing the problem, knowledge and intelligent d...