Interactive Evolutionary Algorithms (IEAs) are a powerful explorative search technique that utilizes human input to make subjective decisions on potential problem solutions. But humans are slow and get bored and tired easily, limiting the usefulness of IEAs. Here we describe our system which works toward overcoming these problems, The Approximate User (TAU), and also a simulated user as a means...

In this paper we characterize the matrices A with the following property: for each ε > 0 there exists k ∈ N such that ‖Ak − I‖ < ε for a given matrix norm. This characterization is applied to the theory of unitary, hermitian nonnegative, positive and stochastic matrices.

Stochastic chemical kinetics describes the time evolution of a well-stirred chemically reacting system in a way that takes into account the fact that molecules come in whole numbers and exhibit some degree of randomness in their dynamical behavior. Researchers are increasingly using this approach to chemical kinetics in the analysis of cellular systems in biology, where the small molecular popu...

BACKGROUND The time constant of isovolumic relaxation (tau) is an important parameter of ventricular diastolic function, but the need for invasive measurement with high-fidelity catheters has limited its use in general clinical cardiology. The Doppler mitral regurgitant velocity spectrum can be used to estimate left ventricular (LV) pressure throughout systole and may provide a new noninvasive ...

A characterization of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchy type C (CKP) in terms KP tau-function is given. Namely, we prove that CKP can be identified with restriction odd times flows on locus turning points second flow. The notion clarified and connected tau function. Algebraic-geometrical solutions particular elliptic are discussed detail. new identity for theta-functions curves holomorphic i...

The Tau method, produces approximate polynomial solution of differential, integral and integro-differential equations (see [E.l,Ortiz, The Tau method, SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 6 (3) (1969) 480–492; E.l. Ortiz, H. Samara, An operational approach to the Tau method for the numerical solution of non-linear differential equations, Computing 27 (1981) 15–25; S.M. Hosseini, S. Shahmorad, A matrix formulat...

Motivated by experimental results on the interplay between molecular motors and tau proteins, we extend lattice-based models of intracellular transport to include a second species of particle which locally influences the motor-filament attachment rate. We consider various exactly solvable limits of a stochastic multiparticle model before focusing on the low-motor-density regime. Here, an approx...

We investigate the creation of highly entangled ground states in a system of three exchange-coupled qubits arranged in a ring geometry. Suitable magnetic field configurations yielding approximate Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger and exact W ground states are identified. The entanglement in the system is studied at finite temperature in terms of the mixed-state tangle tau. By generalizing a conjugate...

in this paper we study the concept of ph-biatness ofa banach algebra a, where ph is a continuous homomorphism on a.we prove that if ph is a continuous epimorphism on a and a hasa bounded approximate identity and a is ph- biat, then a is ph-amenable. in the case where ph is an isomorphism on a we showthat the ph- amenability of a implies its ph-biatness.

Relative to a hereditary torsion theory $tau$ we introduce a dimension for a module $M$, called {em $tau$-rank of} $M$, which coincides with the reduced rank of $M$ whenever $tau$ is the Goldie torsion theory. It is shown that the $tau$-rank of $M$ is measured by the length of certain decompositions of the $tau$-injective hull of $M$. Moreover, some relations between the $tau$-rank of $M$ and c...