Au foils were irradiated with a 100-TW, 100-fs laser at intensities greater than 10(20) W/cm2 producing proton beams with a total yield of approximately 10(11) and maximum proton energy of >9 MeV. Removing contamination from the back surface of Au foils with an Ar-ion sputter gun reduced the total yield of accelerated protons to less than 1% of the yield observed without removing contamination....

The cycloalkylation of diethyl malonate and ethyl cyanoacetate with alkyl dihalide was investigated by using comminuted potassium carbonate as a base and toluene as a solvent in the presence of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTMAB) as a phase-transfer catalyst, which provided a conventional procedure with the advantage of short reaction period and high product yield. The factors influencin...

Directly labeled fluorescent DNA probes have been made by nick translation and PCR using dUTP attached to the fluorescent label, Cy3, with different length linkers. With preparation of probes by PCR we find that linker length affects the efficiency of incorporation of Cy3-dUTP, the yield of labeled probe, and the signal intensity of labeled probes hybridized to chromosome target sequences. For ...

Background: 66Ga (t1/2=9.49 h, β+: 4.153 MeV, γ: 511, 834, 1039, 2752 keV) has a wide range of applications in different fields of medical sciences. Production of 66Ga became one of our main interests, according to its increasing applications in nuclear medicine, particularly in PET imaging. Materials and Methods: 66 Zn (p,n)66Ga reaction was determined as the best choice for the production of ...

background: 66ga (t1/2=9.49 h, β+: 4.153 mev, γ: 511, 834, 1039, 2752 kev) has a wide range of applications in different fields of medical sciences. production of 66ga became one of our main interests, according to its increasing applications in nuclear medicine, particularly in pet imaging. materials and methods: 66 zn (p,n)66ga reaction was determined as the best choice for the production of ...